枇杷炭疽病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选  

Pathogen Identification and Fungicide Screening of Loquat Anthracnose

作　　者：王文静 甘震 石绪根[1] 宋水林[1] 郭德康 陈丽林 况卫刚 WANG Wenjing;GAN Zhen;SHI Xugen;SONG Shuilin;GUO Dekang;CHEN Lilin;KUANG Weigang(School of Agronomy Sciences,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2021年第3期259-263,共5页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：中国海关总署科研项目(2020HK139);江西省教育厅研究项目(GJJ170294);大学生创新创业项目(S202010410002)。

摘　　要：【目的】枇杷是我国重要的经济作物,种植广泛,具有重要的食用和药用价值。炭疽病是枇杷上的一种重要病害,严重影响枇杷果实的产量和品质。引起枇杷炭疽病的病原菌种类多样,防治困难。【方法】为明确江西省宜春市枇杷炭疽病的病原种类,获得有效的防治药剂,研究采用形态学和分子生物学方法对分离的病原菌进行了鉴定,利用菌丝生长速率法测定了6种杀菌剂对枇杷炭疽病菌的室内毒力。【结果】引起江西宜春上高县枇杷炭疽病的病原菌为果生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola)。所选的6种药剂对枇杷炭疽病菌的生长均有一定的抑制作用,其中申嗦霉素抑菌效果最好,EC50为0.014 mg/L,其次为30%苯甲·嘧菌酯、50%咪鲜胺锰盐、400 g/L氟硅唑,其EC50分别为0.020,0.021,0.026 mg/L。【结论】研究结果可为枇杷炭疽病菌的致病机理及病害的综合防治提供理论基础。[Objective]As an important economic crop in China,loquat is widely planted and has important edible and medicinal value.Anthracnose is a serious disease,affecting the yield and quality of loquat fruits.Anthracnose is caused by pathogens,which are various and difficult to prevent and control.[Method]To explore the pathogens of loquat anthracnose in Jiangxi Province,the microbes isolated from the lesions of loquat anthracnose were identified by morphological and molecular biological methods,and the toxicity of six fungicides on the pathogens of loquat anthracnose were determined by mycelial growth rate method.[Result]The pathogen of loquat anthracnose in Shang'gao County,Yichun City of Jiangxi Province was Colletotrichum fructicola.All the six fungicides had positive effects on C.fructicola.Among them,shenshuamycin had the best effect,with EC50 of 0.014 mg/L,followed by 30%benzoxystrobin,50%prochloraz manganese salt and 400 g/L flusilazole,with EC50 of 0.020 mg/L,0.021 mg/L and 0.026 mg/L,respectively.[Conclusion]The study results provided a theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of anthracnose and the integrated control of the disease.

关 键 词：枇杷 炭疽病 病原鉴定 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S436.639[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]