菏泽平原农区杨树灰斑病发生规律和防控技术研究  

Study on the Occurrence Regularity and Control Technology of Grey Leaf-spot of Poplar in the Plain Agricultural Area of Heze City

作　　者：赵金秀 ZHAO Jinxiu(Forestry Technical Service Center of Dingtao District,Dingtao,Shandong 274100,China)

机构地区：[1]菏泽市定陶区林业服务中心,山东定陶274100

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2021年第3期288-293,共6页Biological Disaster Science

摘　　要：【目的】杨树灰斑病是危害杨树较重的一种真菌病害,幼树和苗期发生严重,了解其发病规律并及时防控尤为重要。【方法】采用定点系统观察和大面积调查相结合的方法,对杨树灰斑病的发生规律进行调查,同时探讨不同杀菌剂对其防控效果。【结果】该病在菏泽市6月下旬开始发病,8月为发病盛发期,10月下旬基本停止蔓延。地势低洼、林间湿度大的林地病害发生早且重。杨树灰斑病的发生与林分类型、立地条件、株行距和抚育措施密切相关。相同树龄、相同林分类型片林、相同株行距瘠薄地发生重,非瘠薄地发生轻。采取抚育措施的与未采取抚育措施的相比,发生程度稍轻。与造林密度有很大关系,片林发生重,林网发生轻。不同林分类型,且采取相同抚育措施的,小株距大行距的发生轻。此外,甲基托布津等5种杀菌剂均有一定的抑菌效果,以50%扑海因可湿性粉剂(WG)1000倍液和70%甲基托布津WG 1000倍液最好,防治效果分别达到78.5%和78.2%。【结论】菏泽平原农区杨树灰斑病的发生与林分类型、立地条件、株行距和抚育措施紧密相关,采用50%扑海因WG和70%甲基托布津WG具有显著的防治效果,可在苗圃地或幼树林地进行推广使用。[Objective]Grey leaf-spot of poplar is a serious fungal disease,which occurs seriously in young trees and seedlings.Therefore,it is particularly important to know the occurrence regularity and control timely.[Method]The occurrence regularity of grey leaf-spot of poplar was investigated by the method of systematic observation and large-scale investigation,and the control effects were explored by using different fungicides.[Result]The disease began in late June,with full incidence period in August,and the spread stopped basically in late October in Heze City.The diseases occurred early and seriously in the forest land with low lying and high humidity.The occurrence of grey leaf-spot of poplar was closely related to the stand type,site condition,plant row spacing and tending measures.The barren land with the same tree age,the same stand type and the same plant row spacing had heavier occurrence,while the non-barren land had lighter occurrence.Compared with the forest land with no tending measures,the incidence was slightly less.In the meanwhile,it had a great relationship with afforestation density,which was heavier in patches and lighter in forest networks.The occurrence of small plant spacing and large row spacing was less in different stand types with the same tending measures.Additionally,all these five fungicides had certain antibacterial effects,and the best ones were 50%iprodione wettable powder(WG)with 1000 times solution and 70%thiophanate methyl WG with 1000 times solution,with the control effects reaching 78.5%and 78.2%,respectively.[Conclusion]The occurrence of grey leaf-spot of poplar in the plain agricultural area of Heze City was closely related to stand type,site condition,plant row spacing and tending measures,and using 50%iprodione WG and 70%thiophanate methyl WG had significant control effects,which can be popularized in nursery or sapling woodland.

关 键 词：杨树灰斑病 发生规律 防治 菏泽市 

分 类 号：S763.11[农业科学—森林保护学]