浅析影响大学一年级本科生学业成绩的主要因素--以江西农业大学环境科学与工程专业为例  

Main Factors Affecting the Academic Achievements of Freshmen in University:Taking Students Majoring in Environmental Science and Engineering of Jiangxi Agricultural University as an Example

作　　者：方汉孙[1] 梁惜梅[2] 李丹萍 黄华军 张勇 喻成龙 何晋保 FANG Hansun;LIANG Ximei;LI Danping;HUANG Huajun;ZHANG Yong;YU Chenglong;HE Jinbao(School of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;School of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学动物科学技术学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2021年第3期343-348,共6页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：江西省高等学校教学改革研究课题(JXJG-19-3-27);江西农业大学博士启动基金资助项目(9032305513)。

摘　　要：大学一年级(大一)是大学生转变学习方式,适应大学生活的重要学习阶段。大一各学生学习成绩的变化能够较好体现其学习效果以及对大学学习方式的适应状况。据此,对大一学生两个学期的学习成绩进行了调查分析,并从性别、课程类型、学习能力、任职与社团活动4个方面对大一学生成绩变化的原因进行了深入分析。结果表明:相对于大一第一学期,第二学期学生整体成绩会有一定的下滑。相较于男生,女生的成绩更容易出现两极分化。相对于文科类的课程,大学中较难学习的为理工科类课程,和高中知识差别较大,大一学生应更注重在这类课程中的精力投入。适度的班级任职和社团活动在一定程度上有助于学生树立更强的自尊心,帮助成绩提高。The first year in college is an important stage for students to establish living and learning styles in the university.Performances of students during examinations in the first year could be selected as an index to investigate their adaptation to the university life.Therefore,in this study,the scores of freshmen achieved in two semesters were collected and examined.Moreover,the relationship between four factors(e.g.,gender,course type,learning competence,and community activities)and the students'scores were further analyzed.Generally,the grades of most students declined during the first year.Polarization of scores was more frequently found for girls rather than boys.In college,scientific and engineering courses were more difficult to learn than linguistic and sociological courses,suggesting the students should pay more attention to scientific and engineering courses.Moderate community activities would be helpful for students to establish self-esteem and improve their performance in examinations.

关 键 词：大一 学业成绩 影响因素 调查分析 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]