农药靶标抗性研究在大学化学生物学综合实验中的实践  

Application of Study of Pesticide Target Resistance in University Comprehensive Experiment of Chemical Biology

作　　者：欧阳砥[1] 牛聪伟[1] 席真[1] OU-YANG Di;NIU Cong-Wei;XI Zhen(College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学化学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2021年第18期113-120,共8页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：乙酰羟酸合成酶是目前国际上备受关注的几类超高效商品化除草剂的作用靶标酶,其关键位点的突变是除草剂抗性形成的根源。选择其中2个单点突变体,从分子克隆、突变、蛋白的表达、纯化,到酶学检测等方面,全方位研究了乙酰羟酸合成酶野生型和2个突变体的性质和功能。整套实验包括了多种基本单元操作以及一些具有挑战性的设计性实验,涉及化学生物学的理论与操作较为全面。本实验教学可以使学生从原理上理解农药使用的必要性、农药造成的抗药性以及如何从分子结构的角度设计开发新型绿色农药。Acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) is the target enzyme of several types of super-efficient commercial herbicides attracting great international attention. The mutation of key residues of AHAS is the source of herbicide resistance formation. The nature and function of wild type and two single-site mutants of AHAS were studied thoroughly from gene cloning and mutation, protein expression and purification, to enzyme assay. Many basic manipulation and several challenging design experiments were included in the whole experiment process, in which the comprehensive theory and operation of chemical biology were involved. The course will help the students in principle to understand the necessity of pesticide application, the cause of pesticide resistance, design and development of new green pesticides from the perspective of molecular structure.

关 键 词：农药靶标的化学生物学 乙酰羟酸合成酶 除草剂 农药抗性 

分 类 号：TQ45-4[化学工程—农药化工] G642.423[文化科学—高等教育学]