防城河口湾浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in Fangchenghe estuary of Guangxi,China

作　　者：何斌源 赖廷和 宁秋云 黄中坚 朱婷 林金兰 钟云旭 李英花 曾思华 HE Bin-yuan;LAI Ting-he;NING Qiu-yun;HUANG Zhong-jian;ZHU Ting;LIN Jin-lan;ZHONG Yun-xu;LI Ying-hua;ZENG Si-hua(Guangxi Academy of Oceanography,Nanning 530022,China;Guangxi Mangrove Research Center,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区海洋研究院,广西南宁530022 [2]广西红树林研究中心,广西北海536000

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2021年第5期766-775,804,共11页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC0506100);广西海洋局研究专项项目(GXHYJ202007);广西科技计划项目(桂科AA17129002)。

摘　　要：2016年5月、8月、11月和2017年2月在防城河口湾海域开展了浮游植物群落和环境调查,研究了河口湾浮游植物群落结构的空间和季节变化及其与主要环境因子的关系。结果表明:全年共记录了浮游植物162种(含变种、变型),包括硅藻门123种,甲藻门29种,绿藻门6种,金藻门3种,隐藻门1种,其中,春季10^(4)种,夏季86种,秋季93种,冬季79种。年均细胞丰度为41.34×10^(4)cells/L,秋季(100.18×10^(4)cells/L)>春季(48.04×10^(4)cells/L)>夏季(16.03×10^(4)cells/L)>冬季(1.11×10^(4)cells/L),各季节高丰度区的主要分布海域不同。年度优势种是拟弯角毛藻(Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和热带骨条藻(Skeletonema tropicum),中肋骨条藻在春季和夏季、拟弯角毛藻在秋季和冬季为最大优势种。种数变化范围为12~43种,多样性指数(H′)为0.326~3.918,丰富度指数(d)为0.782~3.789,均匀度指数(J)为0.086~0.784。群落优势种的季节更替率为50.0%~88.9%,群落更替指数为55.7%~97.4%,物种迁移指数为-12.2%~19.5%。聚类分析、相似性分析及相似性百分比分析表明浮游植物群落的时空异质性较高。冗余分析显示,春季影响浮游植物群落结构变化的主要因子是盐度,夏季是氨氮和水深,秋季是总磷,冬季是溶解氧、无机磷、水色和水深。The surveys on phytoplankton community and physical-chemical environmental parameters were carried out in May,August and November 2016 and February 2017 to study the spatial and seasonal dynamic of the phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with the environmental factors in the Fangchenghe estuary(Guangxi,China).A total of 162 species of phytoplankton were identified,which consisted of 123 species in Bacillariophyta,29 species in Pyrrophyta,6 species in Chlorophyta,3 species in Chrysophyta and 1 species in Cryptophyta,respectively.10^(4)species were found in spring,86 species in summer,93 species in autumn and 79 species in winter,respectively.The annual average cell density in the bay is 41.34×10^(4)cells/L.The highest was observed in autumn(100.18×10^(4)cells/L),in turn followed in spring(48.04×10^(4)cells/L),summer(16.03×10^(4)cells/L)and winter(1.11×10^(4)cells/L).The dominant species were composed of Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus,Skeletonema costatum and Skeletonema tropicum,in which S.costatum ranked first in spring and summer,while C.pseudocurvisetus ranked first in autumn and winter,respectively.Species number(SN)ranged from 2 species to 17 species among stations,with the species diversity index(H′)from0.326 to 3.918,the richness index(d)from 0.782 to 3.789,and the evenness index(J)from 0.086 to 0.784.Seasonal alternation rates of dominant species varied from 50.0%to 88.9%,with alternation indexes of total species from 55.7%to 97.4%,and species migration indexes form-12.2%to 19.5%.Analysis of CLUSTER,similarity(ANOSIM)and similarity of percentage(SIMPER)showed that there were to some extent spatiotemporal heterogeneity for the phytoplankton community structure.Redundancy analysis showed that the major environmental factors determining the distribution pattern of phytoplankton communities in the bay were salinity in spring,ammonium and water depth in summer,total phosphorus in autumn,and dissolved oxygen,inorganic phosphorus,water color and water depth in winter,respectively.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 多样性 稳定性 环境因子 防城河口湾 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]