方形圆弧角海水养殖池排污特性的试验研究  

Experimental study on the blowdown characteristics of square arc-angle maricultural tank

作　　者：任效忠 王江竹 薛博茹 姜恒志[4] 宛立 王国峰 车宗龙 REN Xiao-zhong;WANG Jiang-zhu;XUE Bo-ru;JIANG Heng-zhi;WAN Li;WANG Guo-feng;CHE Zong-long(College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture(KLECA),Ministry of Education,Dalian 116023,China;College of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;Shenyang Institute of Engineering,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]设施渔业教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [4]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [5]沈阳工程学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2021年第5期790-797,共8页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31872609);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)项目(GML2019ZD0402);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701701);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020215001);自治区(新疆)重点研发计划项目(2017B01004-2)。

摘　　要：为研究工厂化海水养殖系统方形圆弧角养殖池的排污效果,本文建立了单通道排污的养殖池物理模型试验系统,开展了水体日循环次数、射流角度、径深比、相对弧宽比参数对养殖池集排污特性影响的试验研究,分析了固体颗粒物排污规律以及影响池内排污效果的主要因素。本文试验结果表明:水体日循环次数是影响单通道方形圆弧角养殖池系统排污效果的首要因素,池内平均速度越快,养殖池系统的排污效果越好;以20°为间隔开展单管弧壁进水试验,进水管入射角度为40°时池内排污效果最优;固体颗粒物排污效率的明显分界径深比为6∶1,方形圆弧角养殖池径深比小于6∶1时更有利于系统排污;方形圆弧角养殖池的排污效果明显优于方形养殖池,相对弧宽比为R/B=0.2时排污效果最佳。研究表明,优化方形圆弧角养殖池结构及水力驱动条件可不同程度地提高养殖池的系统排污效率,本研究可为改善方形圆弧角养殖池快速排污问题提供理论参考和优化方向。In order to study the effect of pollution discharge system in the seawater system rectangular arc angle aquaculture tank, a physical model test system of single channel blowdown was established in this paper. The effects of the parameters of number of daily water cycle, the incident angle of the inlet pipe, diameter depth ratio and relative arc width ratio on the characteristics of pollutants collected and discharged from aquaculture tank were studied. The rule of solid particles blowdown and the main factors affecting the blowdown effect in the pond were analyzed. In the range of experimental research designed in this paper, the results show that: the number of daily water cycle was the primary factor affecting the sewage discharge effect of single channel rectangular arc angle aquaculture system, the higher the average speed in the tank, the better the sewage discharge effect of the aquaculture system;the single tube arc wall inlet at 20° intervals the condition, the best sewage discharge effect was when the angle of incidence of the inlet pipe is 40°;The obvious boundary diameter-to-depth ratio of solid particulate matter discharge efficiency is 6∶1, and the square arc angle aquaculture tank diameter depth ratio of less than 6∶1 is more conducive to system emission;the square arc angle aquaculture tank sewage effect was significantly better than the square aquaculture tank, and the relative arc width ratio R/B = 0.2 was the best. The finding indicated that, optimizing the structure and hydraulic driving conditions of the square arc angle aquaculture tank can improve the efficiency of sewage discharge in different degrees. The results of this study can provide theoretical reference and optimization direction for improving the rapid sewage discharge of the square arc angle aquaculture tank.

关 键 词：方形圆弧角养殖池 单通道排污结构 排污效果 试验研究 

分 类 号：S955.1[农业科学—水产养殖]