石化装置工业尺度管道爆轰传播实验研究  

Experimental study on detonation propagation in industrial scale pipelines used in petrochemical plants

作　　者：鲍磊 王鹏[1,2] 党茜 李厚达[1,2] 邝辰 于安峰 BAO Lei;WANG Peng;DANG Qian;LI Houda;KUANG Chen;YU Anfeng(Research Institute of Safety Engineering,SINOPEC,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals,SINOPEC,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China;Petroleum Engineering School,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院,山东青岛266101 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266101 [3]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2021年第9期142-148,共7页Explosion and Shock Waves

摘　　要：针对石化装置罐区大口径、长距离管道内火焰传播缺乏系统研究的问题,设计搭建了DN50~DN500工业尺度管道火焰传播实验装置,并开展了丙烷/空气、乙烯/空气等可燃气体在不同管径下的实验研究。实验结果表明:可燃气体积分数对火焰传播及爆轰有一定影响,当接近化学计量浓度时,爆轰加速距离更短,更易形成稳态爆轰,而当可燃气混合气为贫燃或富燃状况时,爆轰加速距离则会增长;火焰爆轰传播速度、爆轰压力与管道管径基本无关,受可燃气种类影响更大;对应体积分数为6.6%的乙烯/空气和体积分数为4.2%的丙烷/空气混合气体,爆轰压力分别是初始压力的15.17和14.47倍,DN150以下管径内的爆轰压力远高于ISO16852标准给出的参考值。罐区连通管道阻火器选型安装时,应结合安装位置选用合适的阻火器。Based on the lack of systematic research on flame propagation in large-diameter and long-distance pipelines in the tank area of petrochemical plants,an experimental device for flame propagation in DN50-DN500 industrial-scale pipelines was designed and built.In this paper,effects of concentration of gas mixture for propagation characteristics of steady gaseous detonation waves in ethylene-air mixtures with DN50 pipeline were studied experimentally.The volume concentration of gas mixture was 5.6%,5.93%,6.6%,7.15%,8.0% ethylene in air.Homogeneous C_(2)H_(4)/air(6.6%)and C_(3)H_(8)/air(4.2%)mixtures were used with 9 kinds of pipelines which were from DN50 to DN500 to study the effects of pipeline diameter for propagation characteristics of steady gaseous detonation.The experimental results show that the concentration of combustible gas has an effect on flame propagation and detonation.The detonation runup distance is short and steady detonation is more likely to be formed when it is close to chemical equivalent concentration,when the combustible mixture is poorer or richer,the steady detonation will need more runup distance.The detonation flame speed and pressure are more affected by the type of combustible gas instead of pipe diameter.The detonation pressure of the mixture of 6.6% C_(2)H_(4)/air and the mixture of 4.2% C_(3)H_(8)/air is 15.17 and 14.47 times of the initial pressure,respectively,which is different from the reference value given by the ISO16852 standard where the ratio p_(m)/p_(0)(the average value of the detonation pressure to initial pressure)increases with pipe diameter.The detonation pressure of pipeline below DN150 is far higher than the reference value which is 10 and 12.It’s suggested that in the design of pipelines and selection and installation of flame arresters for connecting pipelines in the tank areas,detonation pressure requires careful consideration and appropriate arresters should be selected in combination with the installation position.

关 键 词：爆轰 火焰传播 工业尺度 管道 

分 类 号：O381[理学—流体力学]