纳米疏水性SiO_(2)协同作用抑制丁烷爆炸速度与压力的耦合分析  

Coupling relationship between flame velocity and overpressure of butane explosion inhibited by synergistic effect of nanohydrophobic SiO_(2)

作　　者：谢继标 张嘉琪[1] 丁策 王晓丽[1] XIE Jibiao;ZHANG Jiaqi;DING Ce;WANG Xiaoli(College of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2021年第9期149-157,共9页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0106400);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(41907329)。

摘　　要：为研究纳米疏水性SiO_(2)粉末作为阻燃剂和流动增强剂作用下丁烷爆炸速度与压力的耦合规律,在自行设计并搭建的基于LabVIEW控制系统的爆炸测试平台上开展了实验,通过休止角测试、SEM(scanning electron microscope)和EDS(energy dispersive spectrometer)分析了粉末团聚情况,分析了混合粉末抑制爆炸的机理,同时,实验了不同比例和不同浓度下纳米疏水性SiO_(2)改善CaCO_(3)粉末流动性并协同其抑制丁烷爆炸的效果,对爆炸火焰速度和压力的耦合关系进行了分析。结果表明,添加疏水性SiO_(2)可以使混合粉末的休止角降低,流动性增强,改善粉末的扩散效果和贮存能力,改变混合粉末的比例和浓度对燃烧反应有着显著的影响,在一定浓度范围内,粉末通过较大的比表面积和热解结合燃烧区域的自由基,使火焰传播速度和爆炸超压显著下降,但过大的粉末浓度会促进初期的爆炸,并且两种粉末协同对爆炸的抑制效果优于单一粉末。在混合粉末的抑制作用下,爆炸压力达到最大值时速度几乎降至最低,压力波形由持续上升变为单峰曲线。此外,在SiO_(2)和CaCO_(3)两种粉末质量比为1∶1混合、粉末质量浓度为106 g/m^(3)时,对丁烷体积分数为4.20%的丁烷-空气混合气体爆炸的抑制效果最佳,火焰传播平均速度和最大爆炸超压的衰减率分别为85.5%和59.6%。In order to explore the coupling of flame propagation velocity and pressure in butane gas explosion under the action of hydrophobic SiO_(2) powder as flame retardant and flow-enhancing additive,experiments were carried out on a self-designed and constructed 100 mm×1000 mm explosion test platform based on LabVIEW system.The agglomeration of powder and the mechanism of powder explosion suppression were analyzed through energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and thermogravimetric(TG).The effects of different proportion and concentration of hydrophobic nano SiO_(2) powder on improving the flowability of CaCO_(3) powder and synergistically inhibiting butane explosion,and the coupling relationship between flame propagation velocity and pressure change were studied.The results show that the addition of hydrophobic SiO_(2) can reduce the angle of repose of the mixed powder and enhance the flowability.The residual amount of the powder decreases after spraying the powder,which proves that the diffusion effect and storability of the powder have been improved.Meanwhile,changing the proportion and concentration of the mixed powder has a significant effect on the combustion reaction.Within a certain concentration range,the powder is combined with the free radicals in the combustion area through larger specific surface area and pyrolysis,which significantly reduces the flame propagation velocity and explosion overpressure.However,excessive powder concentration promotes the explosion at the early stage,and the inhibition effect of the two powders on explosion is better than that of the single powder.Under the inhibition of the mixed powder,the flame velocity almost drops to the minimum when the explosion pressure reaches the maximum,and the pressure waveform changes from continuous rise to a single-peak curve.In addition,when the concentration is 106 g/m^(3) and the two powders are mixed in a mass ratio of 1∶1,the explosion suppression effect on 4.20% volume fraction butane-air mixture is the best,and the attenuation rates of ave

关 键 词：疏水性 纳米粉末 爆炸 协同抑制 传播速度 超压 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学] X932[理学—力学]