青海省共和地区农村民居特征与抗震性能分析  

Analysis of Structural Characteristics and Seismic Performance of Rural Residential Buildings in Gonghe County,Qinghai Province

作　　者：王洪 王成虎 安易飞 陈念 周昊 Wang Hong;Wang Chenghu;An Yifei;Chen Nian;Zhou Hao(Key laboratory of Crustal Dyrramics,National Institute of Natural Hazards,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,地壳动力学重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2021年第2期315-325,共11页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41574088)。

摘　　要：青海省共和地区位于柴达木—阿尔金地震带内,具备发生中强地震的构造背景,近年来该地区地震活动频繁,农村地区受经济和技术等条件的限制,造成了巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。为深入了解共和地区农村民居结构特征与抗震性能现状,开展实地调查,基于历史震害资料,总结区域内典型农村民居震害特点,并进行震害预测,得到不同地震烈度下农村民居不同的破坏结果。结果表明:青海省共和地区农村民居中的砖混结构和砖木结构房屋数量约占48%、47%,其中约68%砖混结构房屋未设置构造柱和圈梁等抗震设防措施;该地区主要农村民居基本达到Ⅶ度抗震设防要求,仅部分建造年代久的土木结构房屋破坏严重;地震烈度为Ⅷ度时,大部分房屋以中等破坏和严重破坏为主;地震烈度为Ⅸ、Ⅹ度时,农村民居将发生大范围严重破坏,甚至毁坏。The Gonghe County of Qinghai Province is located in the Qaidam-Altun seismic zone,and has the tectonic background of moderate to strong earthquakes.In recent years,there have been frequent earthquake activities in Qinghai,and rural areas are restricted by economic and technological conditions,causing huge casualties and economic losses.In order to investigate the structural characteristics and seismic performance of rural residential buildings in Gonghe region,a field survey of rural houses of Qinghai Province was conducted.In addition,based on historical seismic damage data,the seismic damage characteristics of typical rural residential buildings in Qinghai Province are summarized.Finally,the seismic damage prediction analysis of buildings in the rural region that our team investigated by using the theory of seismic damage prediction was conducted,and the different damage results of the rural buildings in the different earthquake intensity ranges in Gonghe region were obtained.The results show that:The number of brick masonry buildings and brick-wood structural buildings of rural residential buildings in Gonghe region of Qinghai accounts for 48%and 47%of the total number of houses.Nearly 70%of the brick masonry buildings are not provided with seismic fortification measures such as structural columns and ring beams.The prediction results show that the main rural residential buildings basically meets the requirements of 7-degree seismic intensity protection,and only part of the soil-wood structural building built in disrepair will have severe damage;For 8-degree areas,most buildings will have medium-severe damage;For 9-or 10-degree areas,there will be extensive severe damage or even be destroyed of rural residential buildings in Gonghe County.The above research results can provide a basis for the earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work of rural residential buildings in Qinghai.

关 键 词：农村民居 建筑特征 震害预测 抗震性能 

分 类 号：TU352.11[建筑科学—结构工程]