城市地震应急避难场所适宜性评价——以天津市中心城区为例  

Suitability Evaluation of Urban Earthquake Emergency Shelter——A Case Study of the Central City of Tianjin

作　　者：苏建锋[1] 张庆斌 Su Jianfeng;Zhang Qingbin(First Crust Monitoring and Application Center,CEA,Tianjin 300180,China;Zhongjin Environmental Technology Co.Ltd,Shanxi 030002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局第一监测中心,天津300180 [2]中晋环境科技有限公司,山西030002

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2021年第2期414-420,共7页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：中国地震局监测、预报、科研三结合课题(3JH-202001107);中国地震局第一监测中心科技创新主任基金(FMC2016006)。

摘　　要：地震应急避难场所是增强现代化城市防震减灾能力,保障城市安全的一项重要举措,对应急避难场所进行适宜性评价,有利于更好地发挥应急避难服务功能,提高避难成功率,减轻灾害损失。本文利用熵值权重与灰色关联分析相结合的评价模型和GIS空间分析方法,以构建的应急避难场所适宜性评价指标体系为研究基础,对天津市中心城区地震应急避难场所进行适宜性评价。评价结果给出了各避难场所适宜等级,检验了场所的避难服务功能,为避难场所空间分布合理性提出建议,对增强城市应急避难场所规划、建设合理性及提高应急处理能力具有一定指导意义。The earthquake emergency shelter is an important measure to enhance the ability of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in modern cities to ensure the safety of cities.The suitability evaluation of the emergency shelter is conducive to better play the emergency shelter service function,improve the success rate of asylum and reduce disaster losses.In this paper,the evaluation model combining entropy weight with grey correlation analysis and GIS spatial analysis method are used to evaluate the suitability of the emergency shelter in the central city of Tianjinbased on the constructed index system for the suitability evaluation of the emergency shelter.The evaluation results provide the suitability level of each shelter,test the shelter service function of the emergency shelter,put forward suggestions for the rationality of the space distribution of the shelter,and have certain guiding significance for enhancing the planning and construction of the urban emergency shelter and emergency handling capacity.

关 键 词：地震应急避难场所 适宜性评价 灰色关联分析 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]