1-溴丙烷母体暴露对雄性仔鼠神经毒性和血液毒性研究  

Neurotoxicity and hematotoxicity of maternal exposure to 1-bromopropane in male offspring rats

作　　者：李宏玲[1] 谢植伟[1] 宋向荣[1] 蔡婷峰[1] 郑杰蔚 梁旻炜 陈丹苹 王海兰[1] LI hong-ling;XIE Zhi-wei;SONG Xiang-rong;CAI Ting-feng;ZHENG Jie-wei;IJANG Min-wei;CHEN Dan-pin;WANG Hai-lan(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2021年第3期253-259,共7页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2018152,B2020159);广州市科技计划项目(202102080051)。

摘　　要：目的观察母鼠哺乳途径1-溴丙烷染毒对仔鼠的神经毒性和血液毒性。方法选择无特定病原体级母鼠8只及其产下的8窝子代雄性仔鼠64只,随机分为对照组和染毒组,每组4只母鼠和32只仔鼠。染毒组母鼠在哺乳期予剂量为700.00 mg/kg体质量1-溴丙烷灌胃染毒,对照组予等体积玉米油,连续染毒21 d,每日1次。染毒期间称量母鼠和仔鼠体质量。染毒结束后,对仔鼠进行Morris水迷宫实验和旷场实验,采集仔鼠的血液样品进行血常规和血生化指标检测,对仔鼠大脑海马区进行病理组织学检查。结果染毒组中有1窝全部8只仔鼠在母鼠1-溴丙烷染毒1 d后开始陆续死亡,于染毒第9天全部死亡。染毒期间,染毒组与对照组母鼠体质量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);染毒组仔鼠于母鼠染毒第1~21天的体质量均低于同时间点对照组(P值均<0.05)。染毒组仔鼠定位航行实验第1和2天逃避潜伏期和第1天总路程均较同时间点对照组延长(P值均<0.01);染毒组仔鼠空间探索实验的穿越平台次数少于对照组(P<0.01)。旷场实验结果显示,2组仔鼠活跃度、休息时间占比、总路程、中央区域路程占比和中央区域时间占比分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。与对照组比较,染毒组仔鼠白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数、平均红细胞宽度、血小板比积、血小板平均体积和血清球蛋白、总蛋白、三酰甘油、总胆红素水平均下降(P值均<0.05),白蛋白/球蛋白比值和血清葡萄糖水平均升高(P值均<0.05)。组织病理学检查结果显示,染毒组仔鼠海马齿状回区神经纤维疏松,CA1区出现坏死神经元和神经纤维缺失。结论 1-溴丙烷哺乳期母体暴露可对仔鼠产生神经毒性和血液毒性。神经毒性主要以中枢神经损伤为主,可对仔鼠学习记忆功能产生影响,其原因可能与1-溴丙烷导致仔鼠的海马功能受损有关。Objective To observe the neurotoxicity and hematotoxicity of maternal exposure to 1-bromopropane(1-BP) on the offspring rats by the breast-feeding route. Method A total of eight specific pathogen free female rats and their 64 male newborn rats were divided into the control group and the exposure group, with four lactation female rats and their 32 male newborn rats in each group. The female rats in exposure group were intragastrically administered with 700.00 mg/kg body mass of 1-BP during lactation, and the control group was given equal volume of corn oil for 21 days, once a day. The body mass of female rats and their offspring rats were measured during the exposure period. After exposure, the Morris water maze and the open field tests were performed in male offspring. The blood samples of offspring were collected for blood routine and blood biochemical indexes detection. The histopathological examination was performed in the hippocampus in the male offspring. Results A litter of eight pups in the exposure group began to die one day after the mother rat was exposed to 1-BP, and all rats died on the ninth day after exposure. There was no significant difference in the body mass of female rats between the exposure group and the control group(P>0.05). The body mass of offspring rats in the exposure group was lower than that in the control group at the same time point from the first day to the 21 st day of the female rats exposed to 1-BP(all P<0.05). In the orientation navigation experiment, the escape latency time on the first, the second day and the total distance on the first day in the offspring of the exposure group were significantly prolonged than those in the control group at the same time points(all P<0.05). The number of times of crossing the platform of offspring rats in the exposure group was less than that in the control group in the spatial exploration test(P<0.01). In the open field test, there was not statistical significance of the activity, rest time ratio, total distance, the distance ratio and time

关 键 词：1-溴丙烷 神经毒性 血液毒性 海马 旷场实验 MORRIS水迷宫实验 大鼠 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R114[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]