甬优系列籼粳杂交组合产量优势与亲本籼粳成分及农艺性状间的关系研究  

Relationship of Yield Heterosis of Yongyou Series of Indica-japonica Hybrid Combinations to the Genetic Distance and Agronomical Traits of Parents

作　　者：唐志明 马荣荣 王晓燕 陆永法 周华成 蔡克峰 TANG Zhi-ming;MA Rong-rong;WANG Xiao-yan;LU Yong-fa;ZHOU Hua-cheng;CAI Ke-feng(Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315040,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波315040

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2021年第5期65-72,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：宁波市现代种业科技创新专项(2019B10001);宁波市农业科学研究院院长基金(2014NKYP001)。

摘　　要：为揭示甬优系列籼粳杂交组合产量优势与亲本籼粳成分及农艺性状间的关系,利用27对籼粳特异性SSR标记,分析2组甬优系列组合的亲本籼粳遗传距离,并观测记载亲本的农艺性状,探讨它们与组合产量优势间的关系。结果表明,亲本遗传距离与组合产量在2组材料中呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别是0.541与0.451;与组合产量中亲优势呈显著或极显著正相关,相关系数为0.291与0.868;说明亲本遗传距离越大,组合产量及中亲优势越大。另外,在第1组材料中亲本的每穗总粒数、根长、产量均值与杂交组合产量相关系数分别是0.323、0.357、0.451,在第2组材料中亲本穗粒数、根长、基部节间粗度、产量均值与组合产量相关系数分别是0.641、0.656、0.777、0.550,均达到显著或极显著水平。组合产量构成因子与产量的通径分析结果表明,每穗总粒数对产量的作用最大,在2组材料中的通径系数分别是0.369和0.701,可见,每穗总粒数对组合产量的贡献最大。因此,在籼粳杂种优势的利用上,首要选择亲缘关系较远、大穗的亲本,兼顾考虑亲本的壮秆、长根及高产特性,这样才有利于配组超高产组合。To reveal the relationship of yield heterosis of Yongyou series of indica-japonica hybrid combinations to the genetic distance and agronomic traits of parents, 27 pairs of indica-japonica specific SSR markers were used to analyze the parental genetic distance of two groups of parents of Yongyou series of hybrids and the agronomic traits of the parents were investigated in this study. The results showed that, there existed a very significant correlation of the parental genetic distance to the grain yield of hybrids, with the coefficients of correlation at 0.541 and 0.451, and a significant or very significant correlation of the parental genetic distance to the mid-parental yield heterosis of hybrids, with the coefficients of correlation at 0.291 and 0.868, in two groups of materials, indicating that the greater the genetic distance of parents is, the higher is the grain yield of hybrids and the stronger is the yield heterosis of hybrids. Besides, the correlation coefficients of grain yield of hybrids to the number of spikelets per panicle, root length, means of grain yield of the parents were 0.323, 0.357 and 0.451 in the first group of materials, and those to the number of spikelets per panicle, root length, thickness of basal internodes and means of grain yield of the parents were 0.641, 0.656, 0.777 and 0.550 in the second group of materials, all of which reached the significant or very significant level. The path analysis of grain yield to yield components of hybrids showed that the number of spikelets per panicle had the greatest effect on grain yield among the yield components, with the path coefficients of the number of spikelets per panicle to grain yield were 0.369 and 0.701 in two groups, indicating that the number of spikelets per panicle is the most important factor for high yield of hybrids. In short, the parents with greater genetic distance and larger panicles giving consideration to the characteristics of thicker culms, longer root and higher yield are conducive to developing super high yield hybri

关 键 词：亚种间杂交水稻 甬优系列 产量 杂种优势 遗传距离 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311