B掺杂对NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)电极材料电容性能的影响  

Effect of B Doping on Capacitance Properties of NiO/Ni(OH)_(2) Electrode Materials

作　　者：张轲 高晨 周岩 韩宇珠 曹中秋 王艳 Zhang Ke;Gao Chen;Zhou Yan;Han Yuzhu;Cao Zhongqiu;Wang Yan(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学化学化工学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2021年第9期3242-3247,共6页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(51501118);辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2018304025);辽宁省教育厅科研一般项目(LJC201911)。

摘　　要：通过化学镀再电化学氧化的方法在铜片表面制备出带有微米微坑和微米微球的均一NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)和B掺杂的NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)2种电极材料,采用扫描电镜/能谱(SEM/EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和电化学技术对所制备的2种电极材料进行表征和电化学性能测试。SEM、XRD和XPS的测试结果表明,所制备的2种电极材料由Ni、NiO和Ni(OH)_(2)组成,并且NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)中B的掺杂量可达14.6%(质量分数)。循环伏安测量和恒电流充放电试验表明,2种电极材料均具有较高的电化学活性和可逆性;在1 A/g的充放电电流密度下,NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)和NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)电极材料经历10000次充放电循环后分别给出了1380和1930 F/g的比电容,显示出较高的比电容特性和良好的电化学稳定性;电化学阻抗谱表明,NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)电极材料较NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)电化学反应电阻降低了约2个数量级;Ragone曲线揭示了所制备的2种电极材料具有较高的功率密度和较低的能量密度。B的掺杂使得NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)电极材料表面氧化物含量增大并且形成微米微球形貌,增大了电极表面积以及与电解液的接触和润湿作用,降低了电极材料表面能带带隙能,从而导致电化学反应电阻较小和电导率提高,这是其显示优异赝电容性能的主要原因。Two kinds of electrode materials,homogeneous NiO/Ni(OH)_(2) with micropits andβ-doped NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)with microspheres were prepared on the surface of copper sheet by electroless plating and subsequent electrochemical anodic oxidation.The electrochemical performance of the two prepared electrode materials were characterized and tested by SEM/EDS,XRD and XPS.The results show that the two electrode materials are composed of Ni,NiO and Ni(OH)_(2),and the amount of doped B in NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)is up to 14.6wt%.The cyclic voltammetry measurements and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests show that both electrode materials have high electrochemical activity and reversibility.At the charge/discharge current density of 1 A/g,the specific capacitance of 1380 and 1930 F/g of NiO/Ni(OH)_(2) and NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)electrode materials after 10000 charge/discharge cycles are obtained,showing high specific capacitance and good electrochemical stability.The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows that the electrochemical reaction resistance of NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)electrode material is about 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of NiO/Ni(OH)_(2).The Ragone curve reveals that the two kinds of electrode materials have higher power density and lower energy density.The doping of B in the NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)(B)electrode materials increases the surface oxide content and forms micron microsphere morphology,which increases the surface area of the electrode and improves the contact and wettability between the electrode and the electrolyte,and reduces the band gap energy of the surface of electrode.These are the main reasons for its excellent pseudo-capacitance performance.

关 键 词：电化学电容器 NiO/Ni(OH)_(2)电极材料 B掺杂 比电容 电化学阳极氧化 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]