瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破对玉米秸秆微贮营养成分和牛瘤胃营养物质消失率的影响  

Effect of ICSE on nutritional components of corn stover and rumen reduction rate in cow rumen

作　　者：杨森[1] 段旭磊 裴亚欣 张海旭 陈想 梁婷婷 宋安东[1] 陈红歌[1] YANG Sen;DUAN Xulei;PEI Yaxin;ZHANG Haixu;CHEN Xiang;LIANG Tingting;SONG Andong;CHEN Hongge(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Enzyme Engineering of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/School of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院/农业农村部农业微生物酶工程重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2021年第10期108-117,共10页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部行业专项(201503134);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(16A180006)。

摘　　要：为研究干黄玉米秸秆经瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破(ICSE)预处理后微贮产品营养成分及奶牛瘤胃营养物质消失率的变化规律,使用气压2.0MPa保持150s、气压1.8MPa保持200s和气压1.2MPa保持200s3组预处理条件,每组4个重复,用ICSE技术对玉米秸秆进行预处理,并接种乳酸菌在厌氧条件下微贮60d;微贮后的秸秆产品进行氨基酸成分分析、主要营养成分测定和真菌毒素含量检测;采用尼龙袋法测定并评价微贮秸秆产品的奶牛瘤胃干物质消失率。结果表明:1.8 MPa 200s预处理后微贮饲料的品质最佳,其中粗蛋白质含量10.85%,是2.0MPa 150s预处理组(5.99%)近两倍(P<0.05),高于对照组(8.38%)和1.2 MPa 200s预处理组(10.46%);1.8MPa 200s预处理组的奶牛瘤胃干物质消失率也最高,达到77.36%,极显著高于对照组和1.2MPa 200s预处理组(P<0.01),显著高于2.0MPa 150s预处理组(P<0.05)。综上,瞬时弹射式蒸汽爆破预处理结合乳酸菌微贮后的干黄玉米秸秆品质较好,在反刍动物养殖中具有一定应用价值。The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of nutrient components and material digestion rate of the dried corn stalks in the dairy cows rumen after instant catapult steam explosion(ICSE)pretreatment.ICSE pretreatment of dried corn stalks was carried out under conditions of 2.0 MPa 150 s,1.8 MPa 200 s,and 1.2 MPa 200 s,with 4 repetitions in each group.Corn stalks were pretreated by ICSE,inoculated with Lactobacillus,and then stored under anaerobic conditions for 60 days.After that,amino acid composition,main nutrient components,and mycotoxin content of the corn silage were analyzed.The nylon bag method was used to evaluate the dry matter(DM)reduction rate in dairy cow rumen.The results showed that quality of the corn silage was excellent in the condition of1.8 MPa 200 spretreatment containing 10.85% crude protein,which was significantly(P<0.05)two-folds higher than that in the 2.0 MPa 150 spretreatment group(5.99%).Further,the crude protein of 1.8 MPa 200 spretreatment group was higher than that in control(8.38%)and 1.2 MPa 200 spretreatment(10.46%)groups.Further,1.8 MPa200 spretreatment group exhibited the superior DM degradation rate(77.36%),which was extremely significantly(P<0.01)higher than that of control and 1.2 MPa 200 spretreatment,while it also presented significantly(P<0.05)higher DM degradation rate than 2.0 MPa 150 spretreatment group.Therefore,the dried corn stover product has preferable quality by combining ICSE pretreatment and silage associated with lactic acid bacteria,which will have a promising application value in ruminant breeding area.

关 键 词：微贮 弹射式蒸汽爆破 玉米秸秆 瘤胃消化率 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]