希伯来与古埃及王权政治制度比较研究  

A Comparative Study of Political Systems of Monarchy in Hebrew and Egyptian Civilizations

作　　者：赵克仁[1] Zhao Keren

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《中东研究》2021年第1期204-222,267,268,共21页Middle East Studies

基　　金：2020年河北省社科基金一般项目“埃赫那吞改革与摩西创立一神教比较研究”(项目编号:HB20SL002)的前期成果。

摘　　要：希伯来文明与埃及文明同属中东古代文明,二者在政治体制上同属王权政治。由于众多因素的影响,二者的王权政治已有很大的区别。在神权方面,希伯来上帝将更大的权力授予更广泛的人群,埃及神灵则将权力授予君主;在王权方面,埃及王权比希伯来王权更加集中;在王权与神权的博弈中,希伯来是契约关系,而古埃及基本上是遵从关系。希伯来采取了有限君主制,而古埃及形成了中央集权制,形成不同政治体制的原因比较复杂,主要有历史观的不同、文明属性的差异、民族特性的区别,还有自然地理因素的影响。The Hebrew civilization and the ancient civilization of Egypt civilization belong to the Middle East,both of them belong to kingship politics in political system.Due to the influence of many factors,there are great differences between the two-kingship politics.In terms of theocracy,the Hebrew God will have greater power to grant broader crowd;Egyptian Gods the powers granted to the monarch;in Crown,Egyptian monarchy is more centralized than Hebrew monarchy;In the game between kingship and theocracy,Hebrew is contractual relationship,and ancient Egypt basically is the relationship between adherences.Thus Hebrew adopted a limited monarchy,while ancient Egypt formed a centralized system.Many the complex factors forming different theocracy,mainly in the view of history,civilization property difference,the difference of national characteristics,natural and geographical factors.

关 键 词：希伯来 古埃及 神权政治 王权政治 

分 类 号：D033[政治法律—政治学]