基于复合能量自供电的河流监测传感器节点设计  

Design of Sensor Node for River Monitoring Based on Self-Powered Compound Energy

作　　者：邢俊 李敏[1] 石常龙 王超[1] 李玲 冒晓莉[1] 张加宏[1,2] XING Jun;LI Min;SHI Changlong;WANG Chao;LI ling;MAO Xiaoli;ZHANG Jiahong(School of Electronics and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210044,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学电子与信息工程学院,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学,江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,南京210044

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2021年第8期1007-1013,共7页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41605120);江苏高校优势学科Ⅲ期建设工程资助项目(PAPD);江苏省高等学校大学生实践创新训练计划项目(202010300012Z)。

摘　　要：设计与制作了一种应用于河流监测的自供电传感器节点,主要利用压电-光电复合能量收集装置及相匹配的能量管理与存储电路采集河流振动能和自然界光能。压电能量采集单元使用新颖的球形嵌套结构,适用于微弱压电与光电能量的采集电路利用施密特触发器控制充电。实验测试表明,一个压电球单独充电时的输出功率达到57.7μW,内置的太阳能光伏板在通常情况下一天的平均输出功率为61.1μW,系统连接5个能量球时,平均功率至少为594.0μW。无线传感器节点能测量河流环境的水位、水流量和湿度等,在低功耗模式下每天平均功耗为449.5μW。从能量收支平衡来看,利用水流振动能与太阳能复合互补供电的无线传感器节点可长期自我维持,无需额外电池或备用电源,具有一定的应用参考价值。A self-powered sensor node for river monitoring is designed and manufactured, which applies piezoelectric-photoelectric compound energy harvesting device and matching energy management and storage circuit to collect river vibration energy and natural light energy. A novel spherical nesting structure is employed in the piezoelectric energy harvesting unit and a Schmitt trigger is used to control charging in the harvesting circuit which is suitable for the input of weak piezoelectric and photoelectric energy. Experimental tests show that the output power of a piezoelectric ball is 57.7 μW when it is charged alone, and the average output power of the built-in photovoltaic panels is 61.1 μW in a normal day. When the system is connected to 5 energy balls, the average power is at least 594.0 μW. The wireless sensor node can measure the water level, water flow and humidity of the river environment, and its average daily energy consumption is about 449.5 μW in low power consumption mode. From the perspective of energy balance, wireless sensor nodes that use water vibration energy and solar energy to supply power can be self-sustained for a long time without additional batteries or backup power sources, and have a certain reference value.

关 键 词：复合能量收集 压电球 自供电 河流监测传感器节点 低功耗 

分 类 号：TN384[电子电信—物理电子学] TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]