还“德”于“史”:柳诒徵与二十世纪东南学派史学伦理化转向  

The return of morality to history:the ethical turn of Liu Yizheng and the Southeast school of thought in the 20 th Century

作　　者：胡芮 HU Rui

机构地区：[1]河海大学马克思主义学院哲学系,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期106-116,152,共12页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“近代社会转型期国民人格塑造问题研究”(16BZX111);江苏省社科基金“江苏文脉研究”专项课题“东南学派与中国现代道德建设”;江苏省公民道德与社会风尚协同创新中心、道德发展高端智库课题成果之一。

摘　　要：清末民初,传统伦理化史学遭遇巨大理论危机,以梁启超“史学革命”为标志,中国近代史学开启了知识论转型。基于实在论的“新史学”始于对“科学”“进化论”等现代西方观念的绝对信仰,致力于将道德驱逐出历史领域。但一战后,国内史学界开始重新审视“史德”问题。文化论争中的柳诒徵及“东南学派”坚持“信古”,在批判和借鉴章学诚、梁启超的“史德观”基础之上,表达了历史与道德密切联系的观念立场。及至“九一八事变”后,文化保守主义和文化民族主义实现某种程度地合流,并催生出“经世致用”的史学目的论。“东南学派”重新阐释历史与道德关系,论证历史的道德属性,力图纠偏“史学革命”以来“为学问而学问”的研究倾向。历史领域的反传统思潮在1930年代有一次明显转向,“东南学派”引领的史学伦理化思潮在中国近代学术史上留下了独特印记。In the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China,traditional ethical historiography suffered a serious crisis.Marked by Liang Qichao’s historiographical revolution,modern Chinese historiography took a turn in epistemology.The positivism-based“new historiography”held firm belief in some modern Western concepts such as“science”and“evolution”,and was dedicated to expelling morality from the field of history.After World War I,however,historians at home began to re-examine the issue of“historical morality”.Amid the controversy,Liu Yizheng and the Southeast school of thought believed in“the past”and,on the basis of Zhang Xuecheng’s and Liang Qichao’s views of historical morality,stated that history and morality are closely linked.After the 9/18 Incident,the cultural conservatism and cultural nationalism began to merge and then developed the theory of historical pragmatism.The Southeast school reinterpreted the relationship between history and morality and tried to reduce the tendency of“learning for the sake of learning”,which was an important milestone in the modern Chinese academic history.

关 键 词：史学革命 柳诒徵 东南学派 史学伦理化 

分 类 号：K09[历史地理—历史学]