冷链技术简介——第Ⅲ部分 商用、专用及家用制冷设备  

Cold Chain Technology Brief ——Part Ⅲ Commercial, Professional and Domestic Refrigeration

作　　者：Judith EVANS 邵月月(译) 范薇(译) 王亚薇(译) 田甜(译) Judith EVANS;SHAO Yueyue;FAN Wei;WANG Yawei;TIAN Tian(London South Bank University and RD&T,Bristol BS405DU,Britain;Chinese Association of Refrigeration,Beijing 100142,China)

机构地区：[1]伦敦南岸大学,英国布里斯托尔BS405DU [2]中国制冷学会,北京100142

出　　处：《制冷技术》2021年第4期97-101,共5页Chinese Journal of Refrigeration Technology

摘　　要：食品保鲜与采后/宰后流通过程的温度有关,因此食品供应链中的温度控制至关重要,而在冷链的零售和终端环节,温度往往得不到较好的控制。冷链中的制冷装备,由于直接(制冷剂泄漏)和间接(能源消耗)因素还会排放温室气体,但总排放量公开数据相对较少,有研究表明,与其他环节相比,零售环节的直接和间接排放量相对较高。其中,家用冰箱占比较大,且冰箱使用较低GWP(全球变暖潜值)的制冷剂并具有较低的泄漏率,因此该环节相对的间接排放量较高,直接排放量较低;而在餐饮业,制冷剂泄漏率也很低,但有证据表明,其间接排放量相对较高。Due to the complex nature of the cold chain and the high temperature dependency of post-harvest or post-mortem deterioration in food, temperature control in the food chain is vital. Temperature control tends to become less well controlled at the retail/professional and domestic stages of the cold chain. The food chain is responsible for greenhouse gas emissions through direct(refrigerant emissions) and indirect(energy consumption)effects. Published data for overall emissions for each section of a whole cold chain are relatively scarce. However,there is evidence to suggest that the retail sector has relatively high direct and indirect emissions compared to other sectors of the food cold chain. Domestic refrigeration has high overall indirect emissions(due to the large numbers of domestic refrigerators) but direct emissions are low due to low leakage of refrigerants and the use of low global warming potential(GWP) refrigerants. Refrigerant leakage is also low in the professional(catering)sector(for the same reasons) but there is evidence that indirect emissions are relatively high.

关 键 词：制冷设备 温度控制 能耗 制冷剂泄漏 

分 类 号：TB657[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TB69