取效理论视角下喜剧小品幽默的语用学解读  

Pragmatic Interpretation of Humors in Comic Skits from the Perspective of Perlocution

作　　者：何建友 HE Jianyou(School of English and International Studies,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 10089,China;School of Foreign Languages,Hanjiang Normal University,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学英语学院,北京100089 [2]汉江师范学院外国语学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期40-48,共9页Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：汉江师范学院教研项目“‘全人’教育理念下地方师范院校英语专业人才培养的体系重构与模式创新研究——以汉江师范学院为例”(2018A07)。

摘　　要：喜剧小品是国人喜闻乐见的幽默体裁。以取效理论视角分析经典春晚小品,可以发现幽默与刻意取效失败策略密切相关。喜剧小品幽默中的刻意取效失败常由违背交际情境和参与者身份引发。同时,在参与者会话序列层面,话中违背生活常识和礼貌原则、话尾违背语用推理同样可引发取效失败并实现幽默取效。在取效理论框架下,编剧创作、演员呈现和观者感受共同促成了喜剧小品幽默的运行机制。Comic skits are a form of entertainment popularized among Chinese people.If examined from the perspective of perlocution,humors in classic comic skits of the Spring Festival Evening Galas are found to be closely interconnected with contrived perlocutionary failures.The violations of interactive situation and roles of the participants prove to be catalyst for engendering deliberate failure of perlocution.In terms of conversational sequencing,defying common sense of life and politeness principle in the middle and pragmatic inference at the end can also cause perlocutionary failures and achieve humor perlocution.Within the framework of perlocution,the creation of the comic skit writers,staging of the comedians and appreciation of the audience can all be subsumed into the working mechanism of humor.

关 键 词：取效理论 喜剧小品 幽默 刻意取效失败 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]