汉英时间词轴线类型特质及其语言蕴含共性  

Typological Peculiarities and Implicational Universals of Chinese and English Timelines

作　　者：罗思明[1] 王佳敏 LUO Siming;WANG Jiamin

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科学技术学院,浙江宁波315302 [2]北京外国语大学中国外语与教育研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2021年第4期13-22,147,共11页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“英汉时间词特质及其语言蕴含共性”(项目编号:19NDJC110YB)阶段性成果;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“汉英时间词空间化特质及其语言蕴含共性”(项目编号:2020JX026)的支持。

摘　　要：时轴类型研究在精细度、语言蕴含共性和生成理据上存在欠缺。鉴于此,本文在认知类型学框架下,归纳出汉英时间词的轴线类型特质,以此提出语言时轴类型蕴含共性假设,再经跨语言样本予以验证,最后对语言共性产生的原因给出理据解释。时间词拥有"水平时轴主导共性""垂直时轴辅聚共性"和"左右时轴缺失共性",遵循"时间词空间化■水平时间轴线,垂直时间轴线■水平时间轴线"两条语言蕴含共性。这些语言共性是时空认知共性、认知类型特性、生理结构属性、民族时间认知取向等多种理据互动的结果。研究结论对语言类型学和时空关联研究具有参考价值。In view of the deficient research on the type elaboration,implicational universals and generative motivations of lexical timelines,this paper investigates the timeline typological features of Chinese and English temporal words,their linguistic timeline typological implicational universals with cross-linguistic data,and multiple motivations within the framework of cognitive language typology. Temporal words share three timeline features—the dominance of the horizontal timeline,the secondary role of the vertical timeline,and the lack of the left-right timeline,and follow two implicational universals verified cross-linguistically : spatialization of temporal words ■ horizontal timeline;vertical timeline ■ horizontal timeline. These linguistic universals are motivated by the interaction among spatiotemporal cognitive universals,cognitive typological peculiarities,physiological structural properties and national temporal cognitive orientation. The findings shed light on linguistic typology and spatiotemporal relevance.

关 键 词：时间词 空间化 时间轴线 蕴含共性 理据 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]