福柯的政治技术论及其启示  

On Foucault’s Theory of Political Technology and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：李福岩 Li Fuyan

机构地区：[1]东北大学马克思主义学院,辽宁沈阳110169

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2021年第7期5-14,254,共11页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“《资本论》及其手稿的政治哲学研究”(19BZX001)。

摘　　要：揭示并批判政治技术从传统到现代国家的演变及其未来走向,是福柯后现代微观政治哲学富有创见性的重要内容。通过对权力统治方式的独特微观历史考古与谱系学研究,福柯提出政治技术的相关概念,认为权力对社会和个人统治的方式是一种传统政治技术。他把现代国家的本质视为日益工具化的政治技术,认为现代性政治技术的日益普遍与强化形成了新的全景敞视与统治,也造成针对个人的"全景敞视主义",走向启蒙理性自由的反面,还提出社会主义国家治理缺乏一套自主的政治技术。为克服现代性国家治理的困境,福柯提出政治技术未来发展要走向政治艺术,形成了政治美学的自由主义乌托邦。福柯政治技术论对深刻认识当代西方国家治理的本质及问题,深入挖掘马克思主义和中国传统文化中的国家治理思想资源,开创性地走出一条中国特色社会主义国家治理现代化的发展道路,都具有一定启示意义。To reveal and criticize the evolution of political technology from tradition to modern country and its future trend is an innovative and important content of Foucault’s post-modern micro-political philosophy.Through the unique micro-historical archaeology and genealogy study of the mode of power domination,Foucault puts forward the concept of political technology and its related concepts,believing that the mode of power dominating society and individuals is a traditional political technology.He regards the essence of modern state as an increasingly instrumental political technology,and believes that the increasing popularity and strengthening of modern political technology has resulted in a new panoramic open-view and domination,which has also led to the“panoramic open-view doctrine”directed at individuals and the opposite of enlightening rational freedom.The governance of socialist countries lacks a set of independent political technology.In order to overcome the predicament of modern state governance,Foucault proposes that the future development of political technology should go to political art and form a liberal Utopia of political aesthetics.Foucault’s theory of political technology has certain enlightenment significance for us to deeply understand the essence and problems of governance in contemporary western countries,to dig deeply into the ideological resources of state governance in Marxism and Chinese traditional culture,and to pioneer a road of modernization of governance in socialist countries with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：福柯 政治技术 政治艺术 国家治理现代化 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]