连续分布均匀沉水植被明渠水流流速分布比较  

Comparison of flow velocity distributions in open channel with continuous and uniform submerged vegetation

作　　者：张维乐 吴时强[2] 吴修锋[2] 高昂 王芳芳[2] ZHANG Weile;WU Shiqiang;WU Xiufeng;GAO Ang;WANG Fangfang(College of Architectural Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210000)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑工程学院,天津300072 [2]南京水利科学研究院,南京210000

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2021年第10期30-44,共15页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(YFC20180407200);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(Y120010)。

摘　　要：植被影响下的河道流速分布是评价河道行洪能力的重要指标,关系到河床稳定与河道安全。以连续均匀分布的沉水植被为研究对象,系统评述了国内外对河道植被水流流速分布的研究进展,从紊动特性阐述了流速分布剖面形成机理,剖析了分区流速解析模型和平均流速模型研究现状和存在不足,基于文献数据,评价了现有平均流速模型适用性及准确度,认为目前对于植被水流流速求解多集中于均匀流条件顺直型河道、植被类型及形态单一的连续均匀分布植被,未来流速模型应针对沉水植被阻力系数、植被影响下的河床应力、非均匀流状态及有限尺寸内柔性植被斑块等方向作进一步研究。Flow velocity distribution of a river under the influence of vegetation is an important index for evaluating its flood discharge capacity and a major factor of riverbed stability and river safety.This paper sums up recent advances in the research of flow velocity distributions of vegetated rivers in China and abroad,focusing on the patches of submerged vegetation with continuous and uniform distributions.We expound the formation mechanism of flow velocity profiles,and analyze the state-of-the-art research and its shortcomings in formulating analytical solutions for the zoned flow velocity distributions and developing average flow velocity models.Based on the literature,applicability and accuracy of previous average flow velocity models are evaluated.We emphasize that for river channels with vegetation patches of continuous and uniform distribution,most of the previous studies on the solution for flow velocity have focused on single vegetation type and simple vegetation shape in straight channels under uniform flow conditions.And future research of the flow velocity distributions should put more efforts on the resistance coefficients of submerged vegetation,bed stress under the influence of vegetation,non-uniform flow conditions,and flexible vegetation patches of finite sizes.

关 键 词：植被水力学 沉水植被 紊动特性 流速分布 平均流速 

分 类 号：TV8[水利工程—水利水电工程]