樟树重要食叶害虫——樟蚕生物学特性研究  

Study of biological characteristics of Eriogyna pyretorum on Cinnamomum camphora

作　　者：周友军 何欢 郑梅荧 林曦碧 陈祯鸿 张安娜 朱育林 梁光红[1] Zhou Youjun;He Huan;Zheng Meiying;Lin Xibi;Chen Zhenhong;Zhang Anna;Zhu Yulin;Liang Guanghong(Forestry College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou Fujian 350002,China;Forest Diseases and Pests Quarantine Station of Mingxi county,Mingxi Fujian,365200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省明溪县森林病虫害防治检疫站,福建明溪365200

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2021年第8期9-15,42,共8页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(KAA18065A);福建省高校产学研合作(2018N5101);福建省林业科技项目(KLB18H06A);大学生创新训练项目(111ZC7018)。

摘　　要：樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)是我国南方重要的园林绿化树种和用材树种,但近年来遭受樟蚕(Eriogyna pyretorum)等害虫的持续为害。为此,采用野外调查和室内饲养相结合的方法,观察樟蚕生物学特性。结果表明,樟蚕在我国福州地区1年1代,以蛹越冬,世代历期平均338.08 d。其中,卵期32.57 d,幼虫期58.87 d,蛹期231.50 d,成虫期10.61 d。以幼虫为害当年新叶,1~3龄幼虫群集为害,4~7龄幼虫分散取食,6~7龄幼虫取食量最大。成虫于16时至20时羽化,喜夜间活动,寿命较长。雌虫的幼虫期为7龄,雄虫的幼虫期只有6龄,雌雄性比为1.73∶1。Cinnamomum camphora is an important landscape a nd timber tree species in southern China.However,in recent years it has been continuously affected by pests such as Eriogyna pyretorum subsp.cognata Jordan.In this study,the biological characteristics of E.pyretorum were observed by field investigation and indoor rearing.The results showed that E.pyretorum had one generation per year in Fuzhou and overwintered as the pupa.The average generation duration was determined to be 338.08 days,including 32.57 days for the egg stage,58.87 days for the larval stage,231.50 days for the pupal stage,and 10.61 days for the adult stage.The 1stto the 3rdinstar larvae preferred to feed on foliage in groups,then the 4thto the 7thinstar larvae scattered to search more leaves and the 6thto the 7thinstar larvae resulted in peak defoliation.Most adults emerged from 4 p.m.to 8 p.m.,were active at night,and had relatively long longevity.The females complete seven instars while the males complete six instars,and the female to male ratio is 1.73:1.The results of this study can provide a reference for effective prevention and precise control of E.pyretorum in Fuzhou.

关 键 词：樟树 樟蚕 生物学特性 为害 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]