基于生态系统健康指数的宁波四明山区域森林服务功能价值评估  

Evaluation of forest service function at the Siming mountain area in Ningbo based on ecosystem health index

作　　者：赖承义 左舒翟[1] 郑小曼 王卫兵 池毓锋 任引[1] LAI Chengyi;ZUO Shudi;ZHENG Xiaoman;WANG Weibing;CHI Yufeng;REN Yin(Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;College of Resources and environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ningbo Forest Farm,Ningbo 315440,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [3]浙江省宁波市林场,浙江宁波315440

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第10期111-121,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502704);宁波市公益类科技计划项目(2019C10056);国家自然科学基金项目(31670645、31470578、31200363、31972951);国家社会科学基金项目(17ZDA058)。

摘　　要：【目的】在以提升森林质量为目标的现代森林可持续管理条件下,综合考虑森林生态系统健康对服务功能价值的影响不仅有助于管理者探明关键修复区域,而且能为优化树种配置提供科学依据。【方法】基于生态系统健康理论,本研究构建了生态系统健康指数,改进了《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》的评估体系,精确评估了宁波市四明山区域森林服务功能价值2008—2018年的变化趋势。【结果】森林生态修复政策使四明山区域森林覆盖率提升1.0%,苗圃、灌木林减少26.9 km^(2),非林地减少12.2 km^(2),修复工程取得明显成效;2008—2018年间四明山区域森林生态系统服务功能价值量从56.0亿元/a变化为57.1亿元/a,各服务功能价值量均存在一定程度的提升,调节水量、释氧、森林游憩、净化水质和林木营养积累提升价值量超过1000万元。2018年7类服务功能价值占比从大到小依次为:涵养水源(39.3%),森林游憩(16.7%),固碳释氧(14.6%),积累营养物质(9.3%),生物多样性保护(8.5%),保育土壤(6.6%),净化大气环境(4.9%);竹林和阔叶林的单位面积价值量高于其他林型,分别为6.6和6.0万元/hm^(2),两种森林类型的总价值量贡献比例为36.1%和32.0%;在森林资源“量”的提升同时,受景观破碎化影响,四明山森林生态系统健康指数下降了12.6%,生态系统健康价值由28.0亿元/a下降为24.5亿元/a,因此,基于生态系统健康指数加权的价值评估总量为53.0亿元/a,较2008年下降了5.3%。【结论】结合生态系统健康评价方法的服务功能价值评估体系既能体现景观格局结构和生态恢复力的作用,也能量化和评价森林健康状态的效益,可为生态补偿政策和森林资源经营策略的制定和完善提供科学支撑和有效借鉴。【Objective】Under the condition of modern sustainable forest management with the goal of improving forest quality,comprehensive consideration of the impact of forest ecosystem health on service function value will not only help managers to identify key restoration areas,but also provide scientific basis for optimizing tree species allocation.【Method】Ecological health index was constructed which improved the existing evaluation system-“Specification for assessment of forest ecosystem service in China”to evaluated the changed trend of the forest ecosystem service function values of Siming mountain area in Ningbo from 2008 to 2018.【Result】The forest coverage of Siming mountain area increased 1.0%from 2008 to 2018 due to the local policy.The nursery-shrub and non-forest land reduced 26.9 km^(2) and 12.2 km^(2) respectively.The forest restoration project has achieved significant results.The total forest ecosystem service function value of Siming mountain area increased from 56.0×10^(8) yuan/a of 2008 to 57.1×10^(8) yuan/a of 2018.The values of each functions including regulation of water volume,release oxygen,forest recreation,water quality purification and nutrient accumulation exceeded 10 million yuan.In 2018,the rank of the seven type of ecosystem function values was water conservation(39.3%),forest recreation(16.7%),C fixation and O2 generation(14.6%),the accumulation of nutrients(9.3%),biodiversity protection(8.5%),conservation of soil(6.6%),purify atmosphere environment(4.9%).The value per unit area and total value of bamboo forest and broadleaf forest were higher than other forest types,which were 66000 yuan/hm^(2) and 60000 yuan/hm^(2),respectively.The value contributions of these two forest were 36.1%and 32.0%respectively.Although the forest resources increased,the state of ecosystem health of Siming mountain area decreased 12.6%due to the landscape fragmentation.In 2018,the value of the state of ecosystem health was 24.5×10^(8) yuan/a,and the total value weighted by ecosystem health index w

关 键 词：森林生态系统服务功能 景观指数 价值量评估 景观结构 生态恢复力 

分 类 号：S718.56[农业科学—林学]