河北低平原区坑塘水水量水质变化特征及影响因素  

Analysis on variation characteristics and influencing factors of water quantity and quality of ponds in Hebei low plain

作　　者：赵长龙 邢英梅 董心亮 王金涛 孙宏勇[1,2] ZHAO Changlong;XING Yingmei;DONG Xinliang;WANG Jintao;SUN Hongyong(Center for Agricultural Resources Research,IGDB,CAS,Shijiazhuang 050022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hebei Institute of Hydrological Engineering Geology,Shijiazhuang 050022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,石家庄050022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河北水文工程地质勘察院,石家庄050021

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2021年第5期900-909,共10页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300504)。

摘　　要：利用遥感技术分析沧州市1990、2000、2010和2019年等4个年份中在5月和10月的坑塘水水面面积,通过典型坑塘定位监测、区域调查取样结合ArcGIS软件分析坑塘水水质周年的变化与空间分布特征,综合坑塘水水量水质时空变化特征和主要作物需水特征评估典型年份研究区坑塘水的灌溉保障能力。研究结果表明:沧州市坑塘水体的空间分布呈东多西少的格局,坑塘水体的含盐量亦呈现东高西低的趋势。从时间分布来看,近30年来坑塘蓄水量总体呈增长趋势。通过影响因素分析,明确降水与蒸发是影响研究区坑塘水体增长的主要驱动因子,距离渤海的远近与地形地势是影响坑塘水含盐量分布格局的主要因素。沧州市坑塘多年平均蓄水量达到6.02亿m^(3),典型年份沧州市坑塘水分别能保障6807 km^(2)的冬小麦拔节期灌溉与7104 km^(2)的冬灌面积。坑塘水作为农业灌溉水源对于缓解河北低平原区水资源短缺意义重大。Hebei low plain(HLP) is one of the most important grain production bases in China.But, it is facing a shortage of freshwater resources problem from a long time.Ponds are important facilities for regulating and storing rainwater and flood resources in HLP area, and the utilization of pond water has attracted increasingly attention.With the continuous development in remote sensing technology, it is frequently applied to extract and analyse the water bodies such as ponds and wetlands, and it is main research means to study the temporal and spatial changes of pond water.However, there are few comprehensive studies on the quantity and quality of pond water at present.For HLP,the utilization value of unconventional pond water remains to be further studied.Cangzhou was taleen as a typical area of HLP.The quantity of the pond water in May and October of 1990,2000,2010,and 2019 in Cangzhou city were analyzed by the remote sensing technology, and the pond water was extracted using the MNDWI(modified normalized difference water index) method.Based on location monitoring of typical pond and regional sampling, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water quality of the ponds in Cangzhou were analyzed by ArcGIS software, the IDW(inverse distance weighted)was used to interpolate the salt content of pond water in the study area.The irrigation guarantee capacity of the pond water in the typical year was evaluated according to the variation characteristics of pond water quantity and quality and the irrigation water requirement characteristics of the main crop in the study area.Most of the water bodies in the ponds were distributed in the eastern region near the Bohai Sea and the northwest near Baiyangdian.The spatial distribution trend of pond water was more in the east and less in the west.From 1990 to 2019,the storage capacity of the pond water in the study area showed a growing trend, which was consistent with the changing trend of the local precipitation, but opposite to the changing trend of water surface evapo

关 键 词：坑塘水体 水量水质 变化特征 驱动因子 河北低平原 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]