信号放大策略在疾病标志物电化学生物传感器中的研究  

Study on signal amplification strategies in the electrochemical biosensor for disease markers

作　　者：毕倩 袁若[1] 向云[1] Bi Qian;Yuan Ruo;Xiang Yun(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学化学化工学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《化学传感器》2020年第1期29-37,共9页Chemical Sensors

摘　　要：随着社会的迅速发展,人们对环境保护、食品安全、疾病预防的意识越来越强烈,痕量污染物、有毒物质、疾病标志物(如酶、小分子和特定基因序列)等的准确检测显得十分重要。尤其是在临床医学和药物筛选领域,因为早诊断能有效预防疾病的恶化,疾病标志物的检测一直是研究的焦点。针对生物医学领域,研究者们将化学与生物学有机结合建立了一系列性能优异的传感器,实现了对痕量疾病标志物的检测。电化学生物传感器具有简易便于操作、成本低廉、响应快速、灵敏度好等优点,拓展该类传感器在分析领域中的应用也极具挑战和意义。为了得到高灵敏、特异性强、稳定性好的电化学生物传感器,科研人员开发了众多信号放大策略以此来提高传感器的性能,这也是目前极具挑战和前沿性的课题。该文主要介绍近年来信号放大策略在标志物电化学传感中的应用与发展。With the rapid development of society,people are becoming more and more aware of environmental protection,food safety,and disease prevention.Therefore,accurate detection of trace pollutants,toxic substances,and disease markers(such as enzymes,small molecules and specific gene sequences)are very important.Especially in the field of clinical medicine and drug screening,the detection of disease markers has been the focus of research.Early diagnosis can effectively prevent the deterioration of the disease.In the field of biomedicine,researchers have combined chemistry and biology to form a series of sensors with excellent performance,realizing the detection of trace disease markers.The electrochemical biosensors have the advantages such as simple structure,easy operation,low cost,fast response,and good sensitivity,and the application of this type of sensors in the field of analytical chemistry are also very challenging.In order to obtain electrochemical biosensors with high sensitivity,strong specificity and good stability,researchers have developed many signal amplification technologies to improve the performance of the sensors,which is a challenging and cutting-edge subject at present.This article mainly introduces the application and development of signal amplification strategies in electrochemical sensing of biomarkers in recent years.

关 键 词：信号放大 酶辅助 纳米材料 电化学生物传感器 疾病标志物 

分 类 号：TP212.3[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] R319[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]