使用抛物面定向天线分析北斗三号星上伪距和载波测距偏差  

Analysis of Pseudorange and Carrier Ranging Deviation of BDS-3 Using Parabolic Directional Antenna

作　　者：周仁宇 胡志刚[1] 蔡洪亮[2] 赵镇 饶永南[4] 陈良[1,5] 赵齐乐 ZHOU Renyu;HU Zhigang;CAI Hongliang;ZHAO Zhen;RAO Yongnan;CHEN Liang;ZHAO Qile(GNSS Research Center,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology,Beiing 100094,China;School of Geography and Information Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Positioning Techniques,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [3]中国地质大学地理与信息工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]中国科学院国家授时中心,陕西西安710600 [5]上海市空间导航与定位技术重点实验室,上海200030

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2021年第9期1298-1308,共11页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：上海市空间导航与定位技术重点实验室基金(201901);武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室专项科研经费(202007)。

摘　　要：对于全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system, GNSS),观测值测距性能会影响系统基本服务能力。大口径抛物面天线能够较好地削弱地面设备和环境对信号采集的影响。基于抛物面天线数据分析北斗三号全球卫星导航系统(BeiDou-3 global navigation satellite system, BDS-3)的观测值特性和测距性能。结果显示,B1I、B3I、B1C、B2a和B2b 5个频点上均未发现与北斗二号卫星类似的相同量级卫星星上伪距偏差,部分频点伪距多路径存在波动,但与高度角的相关性不强,所有卫星测距偏差变化的平均量级为0.1 m。使用载波三频组合分析北斗三号卫星各个频率载波观测值的多路径变化和噪声水平,载波三频组合存在毫米量级的变化波动,但这种变化并未显示出与时间或者高度角的密切相关性,基于抛物面天线数据的载波三频组合均方根误差绝大部分小于0.6 mm。以上结果表明北斗三号卫星的伪距和载波观测值未出现系统性偏差,具有良好的测距性能。Objectives: For global navigation satellite system(GNSS), the ranging performance of observation would influence the system service capability.Methods: Parabolic antenna with large-diameter could greatly reduce the impact of the ground equipment and the environment on signal acquisition. Based on data from parabolic antenna, observation characteristics and ranging performance of BeiDou-3 global satellite navigation system(BDS-3) are analyzed.Results: The results show that, regarding the pseudorange deviation on BeiDou-3 satellite, no systematic deviation of the same magnitude, compared with BeiDou-2, is found on the signal of B1 I, B3 I, B1 C, B2 a, and B2 b. There are fluctuations on some signals. However,the correlation with elevation angle is not strong, and the average magnitude of all satellite fluctuations is0.1 m. This paper analyzes the multipath variation and noise level of carrier observation for BeiDou-3 satellite of each signal using triple-frequency combinations. The fluctuations of carrier phase triple combination are of the millimeter level, and those fluctuations do not closely correlate with the elevation or time. The root mean square of the triple-frequency carrier combination from parabolic antenna is mostly less than0.6 mm.Conclusions: The results indicate that no systematic bias occurs in code and phase observation of BDS-3, and the system has a good ranging performance.

关 键 词：北斗三号全球导航卫星系统 抛物面天线 伪距多路径 载波多路径 噪声水平 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]