机载海洋激光测深系统的自适应匹配滤波算法  

Adaptive Matched Filtering Algorithm for High-Precision Laser Bathymetry

作　　者：胡思奇 欧阳永忠 刘会杰 朱野[1,2] 赵灵峰 董超[3,4] HU Siqi;OUYANG Yongzhong;LIU Huijie;ZHU Ye;ZHAO Lingfeng;DONG Chao(Innovation Academy for Microsatellites,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201203,China;Shanghai Engineering Center for Microsatellites,Shanghai 201203,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China;South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center,State Oceanic Administration,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201203 [2]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201203 [3]自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [4]国家海洋局南海调查技术中心,广东广州510300

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（信息科学版）》2021年第9期1395-1403,共9页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41774021);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助(XDA15020400);上海市市级科技重大专项资助(2019SHZDZX01)。

摘　　要：机载海洋激光测深系统发射的激光脉冲经由大气、海气界面和海水的复杂信道传播,信号功率随海水深度的增加呈指数衰减,同时脉冲波形随深度增加发生严重的脉冲展宽与波形失真,此两类传输特性分别限制了最大测量深度与测深精度。为了在确保最大测量深度指标的前提下改进机载海洋激光测深系统的测深精度,首先结合实测水质数据与蒙特卡罗仿真方法,研究不同深度下的回波信号特性,揭示激光信号的传输特性,建立新的激光测深系统参数设计方法,可满足国际上现有机载海洋激光测深系统的指标;然后在系统参数确定的条件下,对不同深度回波信号的波形失真进行仿真,设计了自适应匹配滤波算法以提高测深精度。仿真结果表明,所设计的系统参数及自适应匹配滤波算法可以实现机载测绘性能为白天测深深度50 m、测深精度166 mm,夜晚测深深度70 m、测深精度172 mm。Objectives: The airborne laser bathymetry system transmitted laser pulse through the complex channel which consisted of atmosphere, air-sea interface and water channel. The signal power decreased exponential with the increment of the water depth, and the pulse waveform was stretched and distorted at the same time. These two types of transmission characteristics would limit the maximum detection depth and the measurement accuracy of depth, respectively.Methods: The purpose of the proposed algorithm is to improve the measurement accuracy of laser bathymetry system on the premise of ensuring the maximum detection depth performance. First, the water quality and Monte Carlo simulation method are used to study the different depth of echo signal characteristics. It reveals the propagation properties of laser signal and establishes a new parameter design method for laser bathymetry system, which can meet the requirment of international airborne laser depth bathymetry system. Then, the waveform distortion of echo signals at different depths are simulated under the specific system parameters. The adaptive matching filter algorithm is designed to improve the measurement precision. Results: The simulation results revealed that the designed system parameters and the adaptive matched filtering algorithm can achieve the performance with the maximum detection depth of 50 m with measurement accuracy of 166 mm in the daytime and with the maximum detection depth of 70 m with measurement accuracy of 172 mm at night for laser bathymetry system.Conclusions: The results show that the adaptive matched filtering algorithm can improve the measurement accuracy and serve the marine surveying and mapping of China.

关 键 词：激光海洋测深 跨介质激光传输 自适应匹配滤波 蒙特卡罗仿真 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] P751[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]