极端民族主义和激进民主思潮是乌克兰内外交困的两大主因  

Extreme Nationalism and Radical Democracy Are the Two Main Reasons for Ukraine’s Internal and External Difficulties

作　　者：于洪君[1] Yu Hongjun

机构地区：[1]中共中央对外联络部

出　　处：《学术前沿》2021年第16期98-105,共8页Frontiers

摘　　要：乌克兰独立30年以来,政治动荡,社会失宁,经济凋弊,国土分裂,对外关系日益复杂,根源在于极端民族主义和激进民主思潮。独立之初,被极端民族主义和激进民主主义所裹挟的执政当局缺乏构建新国家政权、组织新经济建设、协调新民族关系、建立新社会秩序、稳妥处理对外事务的能力,国家治理与发展混乱无序。社会撕裂催生的各种矛盾与乌俄间冲突彼此牵动,导致乌克兰政治危机与社会对抗长期得不到缓解。进入21世纪后,乌克兰两次发生"颜色革命",进一步激化了乌俄关系。乌克兰不但进入经济低速增长轨道,同时陷入大规模内战状态。由于美欧出于地缘战略考虑刻意加剧乌俄对立,极端仇俄反俄的民族主义与极度亲西的激进民主思潮相互作用,乌克兰国内健康力量的发展与壮大极为艰难。乌克兰回到理想的发展状态,任重而道远。In the 30 years after its independence,Ukraine has undergone political turmoil,social unrest,economic decline,territorial division and increasingly complex foreign relations,for which the root causes are extreme nationalism and radical democratic thought.At the beginning of independence,the ruling authorities beset by extreme nationalism and radical democracy lacked the ability to build a new state power,organize new economic initiatives,coordinate new ethnic relations,establish a new social order and handle foreign affairs properly,leading the governance and development of the country to be chaotic.Various contradictions caused by social division and the conflict between Ukraine and Russia affect each other,resulting in the long-term unabated political crisis and social confrontation in Ukraine.After entering the 21 st century,two"Color Revolutions"took place in Ukraine,which further intensified its relations with Russia.Ukraine has not only entered the track of low-speed economic growth,but also plunged into a state of large-scale civil war.As the United States and Europe deliberately exacerbate the opposition between Ukraine and Russia due to geo-strategic considerations,coupled with the interaction between the extreme anti-Russian nationalism and the pro-Western radical democratic thought,the development and growth of domestic healthy forces in Ukraine is enormously difficult.Ukraine has a long way to go to return to the ideal state of development.

关 键 词：乌克兰政治危机 乌克兰 极端民族主义 激进民主主义 颜色革命 

分 类 号：D7[政治法律—政治学]