贵州扁穗雀麦种质萌发期和苗期的抗旱性 鉴定与评价  

Identification and Evaluation on Drought Resistance of 41 Bromus catharticus Germplasms at Germination and Seedling Stage in Guizhou

作　　者：赵相勇 周雪[2] 马培杰[1] 韩永芬 罗天琼 付薇 李亚娇 ZHAO Xiangyong;ZHOU Xue;MA Peijie;HAN Yongfen;LUO Tianqiong;FU Wei;LI Yajiao(Sericultural Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第8期19-29,共11页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院院青年基金“贵州岩溶山区天然豆科牧草百脉根抗旱耐瘠功能性状解析”[(黔农科院青年基金2019)23号];贵州省农业攻关项目“抗旱、耐瘠扁穗雀麦种质资源鉴选与新品系培育”[黔科合NY字(2012)3062号];贵州省农业科学院科技创新项目“饲草产业化供给技术创新与示范”[黔农科院科技创新(2017)01号]。

摘　　要：【目的】对比分析扁穗雀麦(Bromus catharticus)不同种质资源萌发期和苗期抗旱性差异,为贵州扁穗雀麦抗旱种质的筛选和品种选育奠定理论基础。【方法】采用PEG-6000溶液不同浓度(0、5%、10%、20%)模拟干旱处理,研究41份扁穗雀麦在不同干旱胁迫下种子的发芽率、发芽指数和幼苗的成活率、株高、水分率及干物质量等指标,在此基础上综合评价不同种质萌发期和苗期的抗旱性。【结果】随着处理浓度增加,大部分材料幼苗的成活率均为100%,与蒸馏水(对照)处理没有变化,发芽率、株高和水分率呈下降趋势,但其中部分材料的株高和水分率呈先升高后降低趋势;随着发芽天数的增加发芽率呈增加趋势,处理13 d时4个浓度的种子发芽率达80%以上的分别有36份、25份、17份和1份;No.10、No.12、No.16和No.23在20%PEG-6000溶液处理下13 d时的发芽率达43.33%~81.67%;随着处理浓度的增加,有17份材料的株高呈下降趋势,23份材料株高在10%PEG-6000溶液胁迫下达最大,全部处理中No.39在10%PEG-6000溶液胁迫下的株高最高,No.19在20%PEG-6000溶液胁迫下株高最矮;33份材料的水分率呈下降趋势,其中,28份显著降低,8份材料的水分率在10%PEG-6000溶液胁迫下达最大;20%PEG-6000溶液处理后,13 d发芽率、株高的抗旱系数和抗旱指数越大材料抗旱性越强,而敏感指数则相反,地上干物质量的抗旱系数、抗旱指数、敏感指数则趋势相同,扁穗雀麦的13 d发芽率、株高、地上干物质量的抗旱系数、抗旱指数、敏感指数在20%PEG-6000溶液处理下变异较大;41份材料被聚类谱系图分成4个等级,其中,第Ⅰ类为高度抗旱型,共16份,占总数的39.02%,第Ⅱ类为抗旱型,共10份,占总数的24.39%,第Ⅲ类为敏感型,共6份,占总数的14.63%,第Ⅳ类为高度敏感型,共9份,占总数的21.95%。【结论】41份材料的隶属函数值排序1~6的是No.10、No.16、No.12、No.33、No.24和No.2,�【Objective】The difference in drought resistance of different Bromus catharticus germplasms at germination and seedling stage is compared and analysed to lay a theoretical foundation for screening and breeding of B.catharticus germplasm with good drought resistance in Guizhou.【Method】The drought resistance of 41 B.catharticus germplasms at germination and seedling stage is evaluated by determining their seed germination rate,seed germination index and seedling survival rate,height,moisture content and dry matter amount under drought stress of PEG-6000 solution with different concentrations(0,5%,10%and 20%).【Result】The seedling survival rate of most B.catharticus germplasms is up to 100%with increase of drought stress,which is no obvious different from distilled water treatment(CK).The germination rate,height and moisture content show a declining trend with increase of drought stress but the height and moisture content of most B.catharticus germplasms both show the rising at first and then declining trend with increase of drought stress.The germination rate increases with increase of germination days and the number of B.catharticus germplasms with above 80%seed germination rate under drought stress of 0,5%,10%and 20%PEG-6000 is 36,25,17 and 1 after 13d respectively.The seed germination rate of No.10,No.12,No.16 and No.23 under drought stress of 20%PEG-6000 can reach 43.33%~81.67%after 13d.The height of 17 B.catharticus germplasms shows a declining trend with increase of PEG-6000 concentration.The height of 23 B.catharticus germplasms reaches the maximum under drought stress of 10%PEG-6000.The height of No.39 B.catharticus germplasm under drought stress of 10%PEG-6000 is the highest but the height of No.19 B.catharticus germplasm under drought stress of 20%PEG-6000 is the shortest among all treatments.The moisture content of 33 B.catharticus germplasms presents a declining trend with increase of drought stress and the moisture content of 28 B.catharticus germplasms decreases significantly.The moisture co

关 键 词：发芽率 干物质量 抗旱系数 隶属函数值 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S543.8[农业科学—作物学]