量化词浮游的成因  

On the cause and formation of quantifier's floating

作　　者：麦涛[1] 戴曼纯 MAI Tao;DAI Manchun(College of Chinese Language and Culture,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510610,China;School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学华文学院,广东省广州市510610 [2]北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院,北京市100089

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2021年第5期669-681,798,799,共15页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划一般项目“类型学视角下名量与动量范畴的微观比较句法研究”(GD18CWW08)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文将浮游量化词(FQ)分为浮游全称量化词(FUQ)和浮游存在量化词(FEQ),提出量化词浮游的基本条件是FQ与关联限定词短语(DP)具有分量结构关系。本文比较分析了两类浮游量化词与分量结构在句法和语义上的契合程度,论证了设置功能中心语“分量”(Partitive)的必要性。根据这一观点,FQ与关联DP是分量结构中两个相互独立的成分,都有可能成为题元角色的指派对象和φ-特征的携带者。本文提出的分析方法可以更好地解释英汉语两类浮游量化词所呈现的语法特点,以及更合理地解决FQ的题元位置难题。By classifying floating quantifiers(FQ)into floating universal quantifiers(FUQ)and floating existential quantifiers(FEQ),this article proposes that the partitive structure(PS)relationship between an FQ and its associate DP is the basic condition that determines whether the FQ can float away from its associate DP.A comparative analysis is made between the two types of floating quantifiers,and the necessity to posit a functional head Partitive^(0) is also argued for.According to this proposal,an FQ and its associate DP are two independent constituents in PS,and can be assigned θ-roles and carry φ-features respectively.This analysis helps provide a better explanation for the grammar properties of the two kinds of FQs,and a better resolution to the problem of θ-position Constraint on FQs.

关 键 词：浮游量化词 分量结构 分量中心语 题元角色 φ特征 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]