专科护士主导的多学科协作护理对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者预后的研究  

Study on the prognosis of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in multidisciplinary collaborative nursing led by specialist nurses

作　　者：黄慧[1] 李梅 伍娜[1] HUANG Hui;LI Mei;WU Na(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Yuebei People′s Hospital,Shaoguan,Guangdong Province,Shaoguan512025,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省韶关市粤北人民医院呼吸内科,广东韶关512025

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2021年第29期211-214,共4页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：广东省韶关市卫生健康科研项目(Y21217)。

摘　　要：目的探讨专科护士主导的多学科协作护理对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者预后的影响。方法选取2020年1月至6月韶关市粤北人民医院收治的160例老年COPD患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组(80例)和试验组(80例)。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施专科护士主导的多学科协作护理。比较两组干预前、干预后的6个月肺功能指标、生活质量、呼吸困难评分、6 min步行距离,并统计6个月内急性加重次数及患者满意度。结果干预前,两组的肺功能指标、圣乔治指呼吸问卷(SGRQ)、呼吸困难量表(mMRC)评分和6 min步行试验(6MWT)距离比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,试验组的用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1%)和最大呼气流速(PEF)高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的SGRQ、mMRC评分低于对照组,6MWT距离长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的6个月内急性发作次数少于对照组,满意度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论专科护士主导的多学科协作护理可显著改善老年COPD患者肺功能、呼吸状况、运动耐力及生活质量,减少COPD发作次数,并提高患者满意度。Objective To explore the impact of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing led by specialist nurses on the prognosis of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 160 elderly COPD patients admitted to the Yuebei People′s Hospital,Shaoguan from January to June 2020 were selected as the research objects,and were divided into the control group(80 cases)and the test group(80 cases)according to random number table method.The control group was provided with routine nursing care,and the observation group was provided with multidisciplinary collaborative nursing led by specialist nurses.The lung function indexes,quality of life,dyspnea score,6-min walking distance before and 6 months after the intervention were compared between the two groups,and the number of acute exacerbations within 6 months and patient satisfaction were counted.Results Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups of lung function indexes,St.George′s finger respiratory questionnaire(SGRQ),dyspnea scale(mMRC)scores and 6-min walk test(6MWT)distance(P>0.05).After the intervention,the forced vital capacity(FVC),the percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second to the predicted value(FEV1%)and the maximum expiratory flow rate(PEF)of the test group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The SGRQ and mMRC scores of the test group were lower than those of the control group,and the 6MWT distance was greater than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of acute attacks within 6 months of the test group was less than that of the control group,and the satisfaction score was higher than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The multidisciplinary collaborative nursing led by specialist nurses can significantly improve the lung function,respiratory status,exercise endurance and quality

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 多学科协作护理 肺功能 呼吸困难 生活质量 满意度 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]