不同母质橡胶林土壤真菌群落结构特征及其与土壤环境因子的相关性  

Characterization of soil microbial community structure among different parent materials in rubber plantation

作　　者：赵春梅[1,2] 王文斌 张永发[1,2] 薛欣欣 罗雪华[1,2] 罗梁元 吴小平[1,2] ZHAO Chun-mei;WANGWen-bin;ZHANG Yong-fa;XUE Xin-xin;LUO Xue-hua;LUO Liang-yuan;WU Xiao-ping(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Soil and Fertilizer Research Center,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation&Physiology of Tropical Crops,Haikou 571101,China;Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所/中国热带农业科学院土壤肥料研究中心,海口571101 [2]农业农村部橡胶树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地—海南省热带作物栽培生理学重点实验室,海口571101 [3]海南大学,海口570228

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2021年第7期1869-1876,共8页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(320QN351);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2018240);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630022021002)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究海南橡胶林不同母质发育土壤真菌群落组成及多样性特征,探析橡胶林土壤真菌群落特征与土壤环境因子间的相关性,为海南天然橡胶林因地制宜提升土壤肥力与改善土壤环境提供理论依据。【方法】以海南4种成土母质(花岗岩、玄武岩、变质岩和浅海沉积物)土壤为研究对象,采用基于ITS(Internal TranscribedSpacer)序列的ILLumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,分析4种成土母质发育条件下橡胶林土壤真菌群落的组成与多样性。【结果】不同母质间土壤理化特性差异明显,养分含量不平衡。4种母质类型土壤共鉴定出16门47纲110目203科360属462种真菌种类,获得3987个OTUs;橡胶林土壤中存在大量未知真菌类群,已知真菌群落中子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、接合菌门(Zygomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)均为最优势类群,非优势菌群相对丰度分布有差异;橡胶林不同母质间土壤真菌物种丰富度覆盖指数和Chao1指数差异显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01),多样性Shannon指数和Simpson指数差异不显著(P>0.05);NMDS和Heat map分析表明,海南橡胶林不同母质土壤真菌群落结构相似性有差异,花岗岩属于第一大类,变质岩为第二大类,玄武岩与浅海沉积物属于第三大类。典型对应分析(CCA)结果表明,橡胶林土壤真菌群落特征与土壤环境因子密切相关。【结论】不同母质类型橡胶林土壤微生物群落结构存在差异,橡胶林土壤真菌群落特征与土壤含水量及有效养分等理化性状密切相关,其主要影响因子为有机碳、有效氮、全氮和碳氮比。【Objective】The purpose of this study was to provide theoretical basis for improving soil fertility and soil environment in Hainan rubber plantation according to local conditions,by investigating the composition and diversity characteristics of soil fungal community in different parent materials,and analyzing the relationship between soil fungal communities characters and soil environmental factors.【Method】Soil samples were analyzed by means of internal tran-scribed spacer(ITS)sequence based Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing,which were collected under the four types of parent materials(basalt,granite,metamorphic rock and shallow marine sediments).The composition and diversity of soil fungal communities in rubber forest soil under the four parent materials were analyzed.【Result】The soil physical and chemical properties of different parent materials were obviously different,and the nutrient content was unbalanced.Results showed that a total of 16 phyla,47 classes,110 orders,203 families,360 genera,462 fungal species and 3987 fungal OTUs were identified.In the soils of the four types of parent materials,besides a huge number of unidentified fungi,Ascomycota,Zygomycota and Basidiomycota in the fungal communities were the most dominant groups found in rubber plantation,while the relative abundance of non-dominant fungi was different.There were significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)differences of Coverage index and Chao1 index of soil fungi in the four parent material types,while the diversity Shannon index and Simpson index showed no significant differences(P>0.05).The difference in the structure similarities of soil fungal communities with different parent materials was found through analysis of fungal community structures by NMDS and Heat Map,that granite belonged to the first category,metamorphic rocks the second category,and basalt and shallow sea sediments the third category.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)indicated that the characteristics of soil fungus community was closel

关 键 词：不同母质 真菌群落 土壤理化特性 相关性 

分 类 号：S154.[农业科学—土壤学]