HMX基含硼铝炸药的释能特性和作功能力  

Energy Output Characteristics and Power Ability of HMX⁃based Explosives Containing B/Al

作　　者：李兴隆[1,2] 王德海 刘清杰[1,2] 花成[1,2] 曹威 宋清官[1,2] 王翔[1,2] 高大元 LI Xing-long;WANG De-hai;LIU Qing-jie;HUA Cheng;CAO Wei;SONG Qing-guan;WANG Xiang;GAO Da-yuan(Institute of Chemical Materials,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China;Robust Munitions Center,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999 [2]中国工程物理研究院安全弹药研发中心,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2021年第10期948-956,共9页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(11572359)资助。

摘　　要：如何有效地运用活性金属来提高炸药的爆炸威力和作功能力是设计金属化炸药的关键问题。为探索B/Al复合粉在增爆炸药和温压炸药中的应用,设计并制备了3种HMX基含硼铝炸药。对Φ100 mm×105 mm样品,用空中爆炸试验和水下爆炸试验研究其能量释放特性;用Φ50 mm圆筒试验评价其作功能力,讨论了微米金属粉含量对含硼铝炸药的释能过程和作功能力的影响。结果表明,空爆和水下爆炸中,在HMX的爆轰作用下,铝粉燃烧能够促进硼粉的后燃效应,释放出大量的燃烧热,形成高温高压的膨胀产物,增加空中爆炸火球的持续时间和水下爆炸的总能量。圆筒试验中,在爆轰产物驱动铜管膨胀破裂之前,没有足够的氧和硼反应,未能体现含硼铝炸药中B的燃烧能量优势。当铜管壁膨胀破裂后,空气中的氧可进一步与B/Al复合粉反应释放大量的燃烧热,增强后效作功能力。How to improve the explosion energy and power ability of explosive by applying reactive metal particles effectively is the key problem for the design of metalized explosive.To explore the application of the micro‐B/Al composite powder in enhance blast explosive(EBX)and thermobaric explosive(TBX),three HMX‐based explosives containing B/Al particles were designed and prepared.The energy output characteristics of the samples with a dimensionΦ100 mm×105 mm was studied by air blast and underwater explosion tests,meanwhile the power abilities were evaluated by aΦ50 mm cylinder test.The effect of the content of micro‐metal on energy output process and power ability of metalized explosives was discussed.Results show that in the air blast and underwater explosion tests,initiated by the detonation of HMX,the combustion of micro‐Al can promote the afterburning effect of micro‐Boron resulting in releasing a great amount of combustion heat to generate expansible products with high temperature and high pressure,finally increase the sustained duration of fireball and total energy in underwater explosion.In the cylinder test,there was not enough oxygen to react with micro‐B before the cooper cylinder burst,accordingly the advantage of combustion energy of micro‐boron in explosives containing B/Al could not present.However,after the cooper cylinder burst,the oxygen in the air can oxide B/Al composite powder to release a large amount of combustion heat,which can enhance the power ability of aftereffect.

关 键 词：HMX基含硼铝炸药 空爆试验 水下爆炸试验 圆筒试验 冲击波超压 气泡能 格尼能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]