含微/纳米铝粉燃料空气炸药爆炸特性  

Explosion Characteristics of Fuel⁃air Explosive Containing Micro/Nano⁃aluminum Powder

作　　者：方伟[1] 赵省向[1] 张奇[2] 金大勇[1] FANG Wei;ZHAO Sheng-xiang;ZHANG Qi;JIN Da-yong(Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《含能材料》2021年第10期971-976,共6页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

摘　　要：利用20 L爆炸装置开展了含微/纳米铝粉燃料空气炸药爆炸特性研究。试验结果表明:微米铝粉中加入5%和10%纳米铝粉后,混合铝粉爆炸压力峰值增幅分别为24.4%和58.5%,最大压力上升速率增幅达到80.6%和103.4%,纳米铝粉含量大于10%对于爆炸效应增加没有明显作用;固液比为30/70的燃料空气炸药,点火能从11.83 J增加到28 J,其爆炸压力从0.28 MPa增大到0.52 MPa,爆炸温度从834℃增大到1118℃,表明增大点火能可以提高燃料空气炸药爆炸参数;提高微/纳米铝粉含量,能够有效提高固液型燃料空气炸药爆炸压力和爆炸温度。A 20 L explosion device was used to study the explosion characteristics of fuel‐air explosive containing micro/nano‐aluminum powder.Results indicated that when adding 5%and 10%nano‐aluminum to micro‐aluminum,the maximum pressure of mixed powder increased by 24.2%and 58.5%,respectively.The maximum rate of pressure rise increased by 80.6%and 103.4%.The nano‐aluminum would not have any contribution to the explosion effect while its content was more than 10%.For the fuel with a solid/liquid ratio of 30/70,while the ignition energy increased from 11.83 J to 28 J,the explosion pressure consequently increased from 0.28 MPa to 0.52 MPa,meanwhile the explosion temperature increased from 834℃to 1118℃,indicating that the explosion parameters of FAE could be improved by increasing the ignition energy.Increasing the content of micro/nano aluminum powders could effectively increase the explosion pressure and temperature of FAE.

关 键 词：纳米铝粉 燃料空气炸药 点火能 爆炸特性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]