饭豆种质资源的主要品质性状评价  

Evaluation of Main Quality Characters of Rice Bean Germplasm Resources

作　　者：张金涛 么杨[1] 王素华[1] 陈红霖[1] 程须珍[1] 王丽侠[1] Zhang Jintao;Me Yang;Wang Suhua;Chen Honglin;Cheng Xuzhen;Wang Lixia(Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434020)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]长江大学农学院,荆州434020

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2021年第8期23-28,共6页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08)。

摘　　要：饭豆属于豇豆属作物,除富含蛋白质、淀粉等外,还具有药用价值。然而,饭豆由于区域性强,且易炸荚多蔓生等因素,难以规模化发展,导致饭豆遗传育种等相关研究落后。发掘饭豆种质资源中的优异基因,可有效用于专用品种选育及产品研发等。本研究对304份饭豆核心种质资源的粗蛋白、总淀粉及总多酚等含量进行了初步评价,以期为后续精准鉴定奠定基础。结果显示,这些饭豆资源的粗蛋白含量在16.3%~25.6%之间,总淀粉含量在45.0%~58.4%之间,总多酚含量在0.6%~1.8%之间。其中国内资源的总淀粉含量由北向南呈现明显升高的趋势,粗蛋白和总多酚含量没有明显的分布规律。国内饭豆的平均粗蛋白含量要低于国外资源,以欧洲饭豆粗蛋白含量最高。粗蛋白和总淀粉均与籽粒大小不相关,而总多酚与籽粒大小成一定的负相关(r=-0.29)。基于上述评价,分别筛选出含有较高粗蛋白、总淀粉或总多酚等的饭豆资源共37份。这些资源可用于饭豆高功效成分的品种选育及新产品研发等,提高种质资源的利用效率和饭豆生产效益等。Rice bean,one of the Vigna crops,is rich in protein and starch,and is deemed to be highly valuable in medicine.However,rice bean is seldom cultivated in large scales because of pod-shattering and prostrate.And the genetic study has been lagged behind.Mining elite genes in the genetic resources would enhance the improvement of cultivars and development of processed products.In the present study,the contents of crude protein,total starch and total polyphenol in 304 rice bean germplasm had been assessed,and found high variations on these components.The crude protein content changed from 16.3%to 25.6%,the total starch content changed from 45.0%to 58.4%,while the total polyphenol content changed from 0.6%to 1.8%.Except that the total starch contents decreased from Southern to Northern part of China,there was no obvious trend between origin and nutritional components.Thirty-seven accessions that high in nutritional components would be useful in breeding and genetic studies.The present result would also provide information for further collection of elite germplasm.

关 键 词：饭豆 种质资源 品质性状 评价 

分 类 号：S3[农业科学—农艺学]