基于电机扭矩波动的电动压裂泵液力端故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic End of Electric Fracturing Pump based on Motor Torque Fluctuation

作　　者：王波 梁右其 沈心瑞 王西录 王龙庭[3] WANG Bo;LIANG You-qi;SHEN Xin-rui;WANG Xi-lu;WANG Long-ting(Shale Gas Division,Sichuan Honghua Electric Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610036,China;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Drilling Division,CNPC Offshore Engineering Co.,Ltd,Tianjin 300280,China)

机构地区：[1]四川宏华电气有限责任公司页岩气事业部,四川成都610036 [2]中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司钻井事业部,天津300280 [3]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《盐科学与化工》2021年第10期47-54,共8页Journal of Salt Science and Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家发改委2013年第二批能源自主创新及重点产业振兴和技术改造(能源装备)项目“页岩气开发压裂系统研制”(2013-1286);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(19CX02025A)。

摘　　要：针对目前电动压裂系统压裂泵振动信号复杂,故障特征难以准确提取和辨识等问题,文章提出了直接采集ACS5000中压变频器上电机运行参数,进行基于电机扭矩波动曲线的电动压裂泵液力端总成故障诊断方法。首先,基于理论力学和材料力学建立电动压裂泵动力端和液力端的力学模型,计算曲轴不同相位角下的主要零部件的受力;其次,利用Mathcad计算压裂泵正常工作2个冲程周期内的曲轴扭矩曲线,得到了电机的扭矩曲线;最后,通过现场施工总结了无故障和12种异常工况下的不同电机扭矩波动曲线。结果表明,泵压一定时,电机扭矩异常波动一般伴随液力端总成故障,部分液力端总成故障初期对应的电机扭矩波动无明显异常;电机扭矩异常波动可以作为现场判断电动压裂泵液力端总成是否正常运行的可靠标准之一,并指导检泵来排除故障,为页岩气平台压裂施工提供安全保障。In view of the fact that the vibration signal of the fracturing pump in the electric fracturing system is complex and it is difficult to accurately extract and identify the fault features,this article put forward a fault diagnosis method of the hydraulic end assembly of the electric fracturing pump based on the motor torque fluctuation curve by directly extracting the operation parameters of the motor on the ACS5000 mid-voltage variable frequency converter.Firstly,based on the theoretical mechanics and material mechanics,the mechanical models of the power end and hydraulic end of the electric fracturing pump are established to calculate the forces on the main parts under different phase angles of the crankshaft;Secondly,the torque curve of the crankshaft in two stroke periods of normal operation of the fracturing pump is calculated by Mathcad,and the torque curve of the motor is obtained;Finally,the torque fluctuation curves of different motors under no fault and 12 abnormal working conditions are summarized through field construction.The results showed that when the pump pressure is fixed,the abnormal fluctuation of motor torque is generally accompanied by the failure of hydraulic end assembly,and the corresponding motor torque fluctuation at the initial stage of some hydraulic end assembly failure is not obviously abnormal;the abnormal fluctuation of motor torque can be used as one of the reliable standards to judge whether the hydraulic end assembly of electric fracturing pump operates normally on site,and guide the pump inspection to eliminate the failure,so as to fracture the shale gas platform provide safety guarantee for construction.

关 键 词：电动压裂泵 电机扭矩波动 曲轴 液力端 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TE93[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]