上海漕河泾地区甲型和乙型流感病毒致儿童呼吸道感染流行病学特点及临床分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and clinical analysis of respiratory tract infections in children caused by influenza A and B viruses in Caohejing district of Shanghai

作　　者：曹焕萍 彭银花 叶江艳 陆定[2] Cao huanping;Peng Yinhua;Ye Jiangyan;Lu Ding(Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Eighth People′s Hospital,Shanghai 200235,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Shanghai Eighth People′s Hospital,Shanghai 200235,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第八人民医院儿科,200235 [2]上海市第八人民医院检验科,200235

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2021年第4期453-456,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：目的:比较2016—2019年流感病毒甲型(IVA)、乙型(IVB)在儿童不同年龄阶段,性别,不同季节的流行病学特点及临床特征。方法:回顾性分析2016—2019年于上海市第八人民医院门急诊就诊并经流感快速检测确定为感染了甲型、乙型流感病毒的患儿,其中流感甲型病毒感染2388例,乙型病毒感染1575例,对其发病年龄、性别、发病时间、发病特点、及其血常规各项常用指标进行比较和统计分析。结果:流感病毒感染多在每年12月至次年3月流行,以甲型流感病毒为主,隔年8~10月份有小流行,乙型流感病毒隔年4~6月份有小流行;甲型流感病毒所致呼吸道感染的患儿,其血白细胞计数、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞异常比例,与乙型相比,高于乙型流感病毒致呼吸道感染患儿(P<0.05);两组患儿不同年龄段发病率相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),性别发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:甲型流感引起白细胞升高比率、中性粒细胞升高比率、淋巴细胞正常或下降比率、单核细胞升高比率较乙型流感多见,但WBC异常增高比率反而是乙型流感多见;甲型流感感染患儿更易合并贫血和血小板异常,两种病毒所致呼吸道感染患儿不同年龄段发病特点不同。Objective To compare the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A(IVA)and influenza B(IVB)in children of different ages,genders and seasons from 2016 to 2019.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the children who were diagnosed as infected with influenza A and B virus in the outpatient and emergency department of Shanghai Eighth People′s Hospital from 2016 to 2019,including 2388 cases of influenza A virus infection and 1575 cases of influenza B virus infection.The age,gender,time,characteristics of onset,and common indicators of blood routine tests were compared.Results influenza virus infection is mostly prevalent from December to March of the next year,mainly influenza A virus,with minor epidemics from August to October of the next year,and influenza B virus from April to June of the next year.Compared with influenza B virus,children with respiratory tract infection caused by influenza A virus had higher WBC count,neutrophil,lymphocyte and monocyte abnormal proportions.The incidence rate of respiratory tract infection in the group infected with IVA was significantly higher(P<0.05),and the incidence of infection in children among different age groups was significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusions The proportion of leukocyte and neutrophil increased,the lymphocyte was normal or decreased,and monocyte percentage increased in influenza A patients,which are more common than in influenza B patients,but the rate of abnormal increase of WBC was more common in influenza B cases.Children infected with influenza A are more likely to have anemia and platelet abnormality,and children with respiratory tract infection caused by the two viruses have different age groups.However,there was no significant difference between male and female.

关 键 词：流感病毒A型 流感病毒B型 儿童 流行病学特点 临床特征 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]