福建省2004—2020年不同免疫干预队列人群慢性乙肝流行病学特征研究  

Study on epidemiological characteristics of chronic hepatitis B for different immunization intervention cohorts in Fujian,2004-2020

作　　者：张冬娟[1] 黄荣东 林光灿[1] ZHANG Dongjuan;HUANG Rongdong;LIN Guangcan(Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350001

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2021年第4期11-14,共4页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省医学创新课题(2020CXA019);福建省科技创新平台项目——福建省预防医学研究院建设(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省不同免疫干预队列人群的慢性乙肝流行病学特征,为筛查和防治提供决策参考。方法根据乙肝免疫策略,用队列研究设计,将研究目标人群分为不同免疫干预队列,观察2004—2020年目标人群慢性乙肝发病及死亡结局,分析不同干预人群慢性乙肝流行病学特征。结果2004—2020年观察期间,福建省不同疫苗免疫队列人群报告慢性乙肝病例696934例、死亡195例,人年发病率110.08/10万、死亡率0.031/10万;总体趋势符合多项式方程(R2=0.678);对照组病例数占92.2%,人年发病率139.78/10万、死亡率0.041/10万;干预组发病率(31.45/10万)低于对照组(χ^(2)=134443.79,P<0.01),效果指数EI值为4.44;死亡率也低于对照组(χ^(2)=53.25,P<0.01),EI值为8.83。干预A组EI值高于平均水平(21.15)的地区,依次为南平(40.13)、三明(35.10)、龙岩(33.33)、漳州(23.15)和泉州(21.74)。结论福建省人群慢性乙肝患者基数大,要做好新生儿乙肝常规免疫接种,同时应积极推广成人乙肝疫苗接种,主动筛查和治疗慢性乙肝患者,是今后的工作重点。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of chronic hepatitis B(HBV)in different immunization intervention cohorts for screening and prevention of the disease in Fujian.Methods According to HBV immunization strategy,the target populations were divided into different intervention cohorts by using cohort study.The results of the incidence and death of chronic HBV in the populations were observed from 2004 to 2020,and epidemiological characteristics of chronic HBV in the populations were analyzed.Results There were 696934 cases of chronic HBV and 195 death cases in different immunization populations in Fujian from 2004 to 2020.The annual incidence were 110.08/105 and mortality 0.031/105.The total trend was consistent with the polynomial equation(R2=0.678).The number of cases in control group was 92.2%,person-year morbidity 139.78/105,and the mortality 0.041/105.The morbidity of intervention group(31.45/105)was lower than that of control group(χ^(2)=134443.79,P<0.01),the EI value was 4.44.The mortality rate of intervention group was also lower than that of control group(χ^(2)=53.25,P<0.01),the EI value was 8.83.EI values of intervention group A which were higher than the mean level(21.15)were followed by Nanping(40.13),Sanming(35.10),Longyan(33.33),Zhangzhou(23.15)and Quanzhou(21.74).Conclusion There are large number of chronic HBV cases in Fujian,routine immunization for newborn babies should be carried out,and HBV vaccination for adult,actively screening and treatment for chronic HBV cases should be the focus on in the future.

关 键 词：慢性乙肝 乙肝疫苗免疫 队列研究 保护效果指数(EI) 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R512.601[医药卫生—内科学]