具有定子直流励磁能力的新型电机控制器演变  

Evolution of novel motor controller with direct current excitation capability

作　　者：李安 蒋栋 刘自程 于子翔 孔武斌 曲荣海[1] LI An;JIANG Dong;LIU ZiCheng;YU ZiXiang;KONG WuBin;QU RongHai(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2021年第9期1040-1052,共13页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51877091)资助项目。

摘　　要：采用全控型电力电子器件的逆变器是现代交流电机控制的主要方法.近年来一系列带直流偏置正弦电流的新型磁阻电机被相继提出.与基于传统半桥拓扑型逆变器的电机控制器不同,驱动控制该类磁阻电机的电力电子变换器需要具有定子直流励磁电流输出能力.本文首先介绍了集成直流励磁能力的新型电机控制器的基本控制原理和拓扑结构.在此基础上,通过对四种改进方案的介绍,展示了新型电机控制器的改进路线图.本文提出从功率器件容量和控制自由度两个方面出发进行改进,可以有效降低新型电机控制器的成本、体积和功率损耗.进一步地,通过对基本拓扑结构和本文所提出的三种改进的拓扑结构进行深入的讨论与对比,可以得出,串联绕组拓扑是目前硬件水平和控制性能均最优的新型电机控制器拓扑结构.相比传统半桥拓扑,该拓扑在增加一个桥臂的条件下,实现调制比和调速范围增加近一倍,不仅适用于特殊的磁阻电机,也能够通用于各类交流电机的控制,还可以进一步拓展至多相系统.所介绍的五种新型电机控制器拓扑结构都具有原型机和实验结果.结果显示,基于定子绕组注入直流电流这一需求设计的一系列新型电机控制器在性能上实现了逐步改进.The use of an inverter with fully controlled power electronic devices is the primary method of modern alternating current(AC)motor control.In recent years,a series of new reluctance motors with direct current(DC)-bias sinusoidal current have been proposed.Unlike the motor controller based on the traditional half-bridge topology inverter,the power electronic converter driving and controlling this type of reluctance motor must have stator DC excitation capability.This paper introduces the basic control principle and topology of a new motor controller with integrated DC excitation capability.Accordingly,through the introduction of four improvement schemes,an improvement roadmap of the new motor controller is shown.This paper proposes improvements in terms of power device capacity and control freedom,which can effectively reduce the cost,volume,and power loss of the new motor controller.Furthermore,through in-depth discussion,a comparison of the basic topology,and the three improved topologies proposed by the authors,it is concluded that the series-end winding topology represents a new motor controller with both the best hardware and control performance.Compared with the traditional half-bridge topology,the proposed topology can achieve nearly double the modulation ratio and speed range under the condition of only adding one bridge.This is not only suitable for special reluctance motors but also the control of various AC motors and can be further extended to multiphase systems.All of the five new motor controllers have prototypes and experimental results,the latter indicating that the series of new motor controllers based on the requirement of injecting DC into the stator winding yielded gradual improvements in performance.

关 键 词：电力传动 磁阻电机 电力电子变换器 拓扑结构 调制算法 

分 类 号：TM301.2[电气工程—电机]