寡聚物型A-D-A结构高效有机太阳能电池材料与器件  

High-performance A-D-A Structured Oligomer-like Organic Photovoltaic Materials and Devices

作　　者：阚斌 万相见 李晨曦 陈永胜[1] Bin Kan;Xiang-jian Wan;Chen-xi Li;Yong-sheng Chen(Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials,College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071)

机构地区：[1]功能高分子材料教育部重点实验室,南开大学化学学院,天津300071

出　　处：《高分子学报》2021年第10期1262-1282,共21页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号21935007,52025033)资助项目.

摘　　要：近年来有机太阳能电池发展迅速,活性层材料起到至关重要的作用.在众多活性层材料中,由于其化学结构确定、能级和吸收易调控以及其特殊的电子云分布等特点,寡聚物型A-D-A结构活性层材料成为领域研究的热点和重点.本文围绕A-D-A结构寡物聚型小分子光伏材料,首先对基于寡聚噻吩以及苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b']二噻吩的A-D-A给体材料进行系统的分析和讨论,对分子的结构-性能关系进行总结;然后讨论基于芴和苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b']二噻吩的两类A-D-A受体材料;总结了我们基于A-D-A分子叠层器件进展;最后,从能量转换效率、器件稳定性、柔性及大面积器件等方面对有机太阳能电池的发展进行了展望.In recent years,great progress has been made for organic solar cells(OSCs),in which the innovation of active layer materials has played the critical role.Among different type photovoltaic materials,acceptor-donor acceptor(A-D-A)structured oligomer-like small molecules,which possess the advantages of defined chemical structures,easily tunable energy levels and absorptions,and unique distribution of electron cloud,have received great attention in the OSC community.Significant progresses have been made,in which the A-D-A type materials including electron donor and electron acceptor materials play important roles.In this review,we start with the discussion of two representative A-D-A type oligomers like donors based on oligothiophene and benzodithiophene unit.OSCs with PCEs over 10%based on these electron donor materials have been realized with delicate molecular modifications and device optimizations.The relationship between the chemical structures and molecular properties is given.For the A-D-A type molecules,the electron-deficient ending groups(A)impose a clear impact on the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)energy levels,solubility,and the molecular packing.The conjugation length of the electron-donating central units(D)affects the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)energy levels and molecular packing.Besides,side chains attached on the backbone can be used to fine-tune the molecular energy levels as well as molecular packings.All these factors lead to different optical and electrical properties as well as the charge transport properties,and thus the device performances.Then,two series of A-D-A type acceptors based on the central core,fluorene and BDT,have been reviewed.Different strategies are adopted to design and synthesize novel low bandgap acceptors.First,fused ring core based on the fluorene and BDT units are used to enhance and electron-donating properties,which help to up-shift the HOMO levels.Second,ending groups with strong electron withdrawing abilities are introduced to down-shift the LUMO

关 键 词：有机太阳能电池 A-D-A分子 能量转换效率 叠层器件 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM914.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]