自养殖池塘中分离出的一株枯草芽孢杆菌对养殖水质的影响  

Effects of a Strain Bacillus subtilis Isolated From a Culture Pond on Aquaculture Water Quality

作　　者：李海洁 董小林 郭国军[3] 杨雪冰[4] 林雅云 曹亚奇 李国喜[1] 刘变枝[1] LI Haijie;DONG Xiaolin;GUO Guojun;YANG Xuebing;LIN Yayun;CAO Yaqi;LI Guoxi;LIU Bianzhi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Guangdong Haid Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,China;Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Fishery Technical Extensive Station,Zhengzhou 450008,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物科技学院,河南郑州450002 [2]广东海大集团股份有限公司,广东广州511400 [3]河南牧业经济学院,河南郑州450046 [4]河南省水产技术推广站,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第4期73-78,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31702359);河南省科技攻关(172102110047);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2019B020218003).

摘　　要：在水温(29.2±0.6)℃、自然光照和微管曝气条件下,在有效水体250 L的试验缸内不放置底泥、鱼类等生物,不投饵,分别加入从罗非鱼养殖池塘中分离出的一株枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis,BS),使水体菌液终浓度为1×10^(3) cfu/mL、5×10^(3) cfu/mL、1×10^(4) cfu/mL、5×10^(4) cfu/mL、1×10^(5) cfu/mL、2.5×10^(5) cfu/mL和5×10^(5) cfu/mL,以无添加组为空白对照。试验开始后第1 d、2 d、3 d、4 d和5 d的早上7:00,利用虹吸法在水面下方30 cm处采水样,测定氨态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、亚硝态氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)含量和化学需氧量(COD),研究该枯草芽孢杆菌对养殖池塘水质的影响。结果显示:水体NH_(4)^(+)-N含量随时间先升高后降低;NO_(2)^(-)-N含量随时间呈升高趋势,但2.5×10^(5) cfu/mL和5×10^(5) cfu/mL处理组NO_(2)^(-)-N含量显著低于对照(P<0.05);COD含量显著上升后显著下降(P<0.05)。结果表明:该株枯草芽孢杆菌可有效降低水体NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(2)^(-)-N的含量,对水体COD有一定的清除作用。A strain of Bacillus subtilis(BS)isolated from tilapia culture ponds was added into 250 L water tanks without feeding,sediment,fish and other organisms at final concentration of 0(blank control),1×10^(3) cfu/mL,5×10^(3) cfu/mL,1×10^(4) cfu/mL,5×10^(4) cfu/mL,1×10^(5) cfu/mL,2.5×10^(5) cfu/mL and 5×10^(5) cfu/mL under the conditions of water temperature of(29.2±0.6)℃,natural light and micro-pipe aeration,and then the contents of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)were determined in the water samples collected 30 cm below the water surface using the siphon method at 7:00 a.m.in 1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d,and 5 d after the start of the test to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis on the water quality in the aquaculture ponds.The results showed that the water NH_(4)^(+)-N content was found to be firstly significantly decreased and then increased in each treatment.The NO2ˉ-N content was shown to be significantly lower compared with the other treatments in each sampling time,though the NO_(2)^(-)-N content in 2.5×10^(5) cfu/mL and 5×10^(5) cfu/mL groups were increased in each sample time.There was significant increase in COD contents in these two groups in the early trial while decreased with the elapse of the trial.The findings indicated that this strain of Bacillus Subtilis had effectively effects on the removal of water NH_(4)^(+)-N,and NO_(2)^(-)-N.

关 键 词：枯草芽孢杆菌 水质 氨态氮 亚硝态氮 化学需氧量 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]