棉纤维开松预处理油剂的研制与应用性能研究  

Development and application performance of oil agent for cotton fiber opening pretreatment

作　　者：吴慧萍 王兰兰[1] 李大伟[1] 刘庆生[1] 邓炳耀[1] WU Huiping;WANG Lanlan;LI Dawei;LIU Qingsheng;DENG Bingyao(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles of Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122)

机构地区：[1]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2021年第5期14-19,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1904502)。

摘　　要：以甘油和不同种类硅油为油相,去离子水为水相,月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚和吐温80为乳化剂,聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵为抗静电剂,采用高速剪切乳化法制备复合乳液得到棉纤维开松预处理油剂,考察了乳化方式、乳化剂用量、乳化时间和乳化速率对乳液性能的影响,研究了棉纤维开松预处理油剂的应用性能。结果表明:棉纤维开松预处理油剂最佳乳化条件为采用高速剪切乳化法,油相与乳化剂的质量比为31,乳化时间15 min,剪切速率为3档(11350 r/min),在此条件下制得的棉纤维开松预处理油剂,其预处理棉织物可降低纤维从织物中抽拔所需要的力和纤维间的摩擦力;棉织物的最佳上油率为5%,此时棉织物纱线抽拔力为5.81 N,误差较小,与未处理的棉织物相比其抽拔力下降了46.4%。Using glycerol and different kinds of silicone oil as oil phase,deionized water as water phase,lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and Twain 80 as emulsifier,polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride as antistatic agent,a composite emulsion was prepared by high-speed shear emulsification method and was used as oil agent for cotton fiber opening pretreatment.The effects of emulsification method,emulsifier dosage,emulsification time and emulsification speed on the performance of the emulsion were investigated.The application performance of cotton fiber opening pretreatment oil was studied.The results showed that the emulsification conditions of oil agent for cotton fiber opening pretreatment were optimized as follows:mass ratio of oil phase to emulsifier 31,emulsification time 15 min,shear rate grade 3(11350 r/min);the obtained oil can reduce the pull-out force of fiber from fabric and the friction between fibers while used for pretreating cotton fabric;and the pull-out force of fiber from cotton fabric was 5.81 N with low error and a reduction of 46.4%as compared with untreated cotton fabric,when the optimum oiling rate of cotton fabric was 5%.

关 键 词：棉纤维 开松 预处理油剂 乳化条件 应用 上油率 性能 

分 类 号：TS11[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]