立构复合聚乳酸纤维的制备工艺路线及其结构性能研究  

Study on preparation process and structural properties of stereocomplex polylactic acid fiber

作　　者：朱金唐 吴鹏飞 崔华帅 史贤宁 崔宁 李杰 黄庆 ZHU Jintang;WU Pengfei;CUI Huashuai;SHI Xianning;CUI Ning;LI Jie;HUANG Qing(State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology,China Textile Academy Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100025)

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院有限公司生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室,北京100025

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2021年第5期30-36,共7页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

摘　　要：采用左旋聚乳酸(PLLA)和右旋聚乳酸(PDLA)按质量比11经混合器混合制备备立构复合聚乳酸(ScPLA)粉末,探讨从全立构复合结构原料出发直接制备ScPLA纤维的可行性;采用复合纺丝法,将PLLA和PDLA熔体按质量比11充分混合,制备ScPLA预取向丝(POY),再经不同的热拉伸和热定型处理工艺,得到不同立构复合晶体含量的ScPLA全拉伸丝(FDY),研究了ScPLA纤维的热学性能、结晶结构、取向度及力学性能。结果表明:先制备ScPLA再直接纺丝制备ScPLA纤维,在ScPLA的制备及纤维加工过程中存在降解,加工效率低;复合纺丝工艺中,PLLA和PDLA熔体的充分均匀混合和合理的拉伸、热定型工艺是制备较高立构复合晶体含量ScPLA纤维的关键;采用复合纺丝法制得的ScPLA POY含有少量立构晶,制得的ScPLA FDY的立构晶含量及取向度随热定型温度的提高都增大,力学性能却略有降低;160℃热定型得到的ScPLA FDY的取向因子为0.72,断裂强度为3.16 cN/dtex;180℃热定型得到的ScPLA FDY的取向因子为0.73,断裂强度为3.11 cN/dtex。Stereocomplex polylactic acid(ScPLA)powder was prepared by mixing poly-L-lactic acid(PLLA)and poly-D-lactic acid(PDLA)at a mass ratio of 11 in a mixer.The feasibility of directly preparing ScPLA fiber from raw materials with fully stereocomplex structure was discussed.A ScPLA pre-oriented filaments(POY)was prepared by fully mixing PLLA and PDLA melts at a mass ratio of 11 by composite spinning process and was produced into ScPLA fully drawn filaments(FDY)with different stereocomplex crystal content after different hot drawing and heat setting processes.The thermal properties,crystalline structure,degree of orientation and mechanical properties of ScPLA fiber were studied.The results showed that ScPLA was prepared first and then directly spun into ScPLA fiber,but the processing efficiency was low because the degradation occurred in the process of ScPLA preparation and fiber processing;the key to prepare ScPLA fibers with high stereocomplex crystal content was the fully uniform mixing of PLLA and PDLA melts and the reasonable drawing and heat setting processes;ScPLA POY prepared by composite spinning contained a small amount of stereolite,and the stereolite content and degree of orientation of ScPLA FDY increased with the increase of heat setting temperature,but the mechanical properties decreased slightly;and the ScPLA FDY heat set at 160℃had the orientation factor of 0.72 and the breaking strength of 3.16 cN/dtex,while the ScPLA FDY heat set at 180℃had the orientation factor of 0.73 and the breaking strength of 3.11 cN/dtex.

关 键 词：聚乳酸纤维 立构复合结构 左旋聚乳酸 右旋聚乳酸 熔融纺丝 复合纺丝 

分 类 号：TQ342.29[化学工程—化纤工业]