晶须增韧EVA/PE-LD/ATH复合材料的阻燃性能研究  

Microstructure and Flame Retardancy of EVA/PE-LD/ATH Compounds Toughened with Whiskers

作　　者：刘子利[1] 吴晨颖 刘希琴[1] 魏东博[1] 包金芳 朱俊 陈新祥 LIU Zili;WU Chenying;LIU Xiqin;WEI Dongbo;BAO Jinfang;ZHU Jun;CHEN Xinxiang(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Changshu Zhonglian Photoelectric New Material Co,Ltd,Changshu 215542,China;Zhongli Group,Changshu 215542,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,南京210016 [2]常熟中联光电新材料有限责任公司,江苏常熟215542 [3]江苏中利集团股份有限公司,江苏常熟215542

出　　处：《中国塑料》2021年第10期68-75,共8页China Plastics

摘　　要：制备了晶须增韧乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物/低密度聚乙烯/氢氧化铝(EVA/PE-LD/ATH)复合材料,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析仪(TG)、氧指数仪、锥形量热仪(CCT)、万能拉力机和高阻计等对添加不同晶须的EVA/PE-LD/ATH复合材料的微观结构、阻燃性能、力学性能和电学性能进行了表征。结果表明,ATH颗粒在复合材料中未出现明显团聚,复合材料中晶须呈交错分布并与基体界面结合致密;晶须对复合材料阻燃性能的提高源于晶须热解产物网络状骨架对炭层的增强作用;碱式硫酸镁晶须(MHSH)、硼酸铝晶须(ABW)和硫酸钙晶须(CSW)添加质量比为13.5∶6.75∶6.75的复合材料的800℃质量保留率为32.7%,极限氧指数为26.8%,热释放速率峰值为364.4 k W/m^(2),总热释放量为20.8 MJ/m^(2),总烟释放量为187.2 m^(2)/m^(2),阻燃性能相对最优;MHSH具有降低复合材料热释放速率峰值、总烟释放量和增强复合材料拉伸强度的作用,而CSW能够延迟点燃时间,减弱出现轰燃的趋势,但增大了总烟释放量,同时,CSW还具有提高复合材料断裂伸长率的增韧作用;混合晶须对复合材料拉伸强度、邵氏硬度和电绝缘性能的影响有限。Polyethylene vinyl acetate/low-density polyethylene/aluminum hydroxide compounds were prepared using whisker as an impact modifier.Their microstructure,flame retardant properties,mechanical properties and electrical properties were characterized using scanning electron microscope,thermogravimetric analyzer,oxygen index meter,cone calorimeter,universal tensile machine and high resistance meter.The results indicated that aluminum hydroxide particles were well dispersed in the matrix without obvious agglomeration,and the whiskers were staggered in the compounds with tightly bonding onto the matrix interface.The flame retardancy of the compounds was improved due to the enhancement of carbon layer resulting from the network skeleton of the pyrolysis products of whiskers.When the addition amount of magnesium hydroxide sulfate hydrates whisker(MHSH),aluminum borate whisker,and calcium sulfate whisker(CSW)was set to be 13.5 phr,6.75 phr,and 6.75 phr,respectively,the compound sample exhibits optimal flame retardant performance with a mass retention rate of 32.7 wt%at 800℃.With this formulation,the compound achieved a limiting oxygen index of 26.8 vol%,a peak heat release rate(p HRR)of 364.4 k W/m^(2),a total heat release of20.8 MJ/m^(2),and a total smoke release(TSR)of 187.2 m^(2)/m^(2).MHSH can reduce the p HRR and TSR and enhance the tensile strength of the compounds.CSW can delay the time to ignition,reduce the flashover trend,increase the TSR,and increase the elongation at break of the compounds.However,whiskers generated a limited influence on the tensile strength,shore hardness,and electrical insulation properties of the compounds.

关 键 词：乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物 低密度聚乙烯 复合材料 晶须 阻燃 增韧 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]