基于公民数据权利视域的被遗忘权主张  

On the Right to be Forgotten from the Perspective of Citizens’Data Rights

作　　者：刘文莉[1] 张超 LIU Wenli;ZHANG Chao

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学法学院,湖南长沙410076

出　　处：《湖南广播电视大学学报》2021年第3期46-54,共9页Journal of Hunan Radio and Television University

基　　金：2021年最高人民检察院检察理论研究项目“罪错未成年人分级干预机制研究”(GJ2021C45);湖南省未成年人检察理论研究基地2020年度重点项目“未成年人罪错行为分级干预机制研究”(20WJJDZD01);湖南省金融工程和金融管理研究中心2020年度一般项目“全球化视域下跨国公司的金融风险及其治理研究”(20FEFMY2)。

摘　　要：公民数据权利中最核心的是个人信息权,被遗忘权系个人信息权的下位概念,其正当性基础在于个人信息权的内在要求和隐私保护需要。行使被遗忘权的条件为:适用范围限于互联网信息;针对已发布的具有可识别性的信息;权利、义务主体特定。被遗忘权目前未被国内立法和司法接纳,但信息删除的权能内容则散见于相关法律法规。被遗忘权不能无限制行使,为防止被滥用,有必要根据是否涉及他益或公益进行有梯度地合理限制,据此确定信息主体能否享有被遗忘权的具体判定规则。在被遗忘权本土化的过程中,应依据信息关联性、可识别性和信息主体受影响程度进一步明确享有被遗忘权的主体,将被遗忘权的权利类型细化为信息删除权、信息限制权、信息更正权,并明确被遗忘权受损时可采取的权利救济措施。The core of citizen’s data rights is the right to personal information,and the right to be forgotten is the subordinate concept of the right to personal information.Its legitimacy is based on the internal requirements of the right of personal information and the need of privacy protection.The conditions for exercising the right to be forgotten are as follows:The conditions for exercising the right to be forgotten are:the scope of application is limited to the Internet;the identifiable information has been published;the subject of rights and obligations is specific.The right to be forgotten has not been accepted by domestic legislation and judicatory,but the power content of information deletion is scattered in relevant laws and regulations.The right to be forgotten can not be exercised without restriction.In order to prevent abuse,it is necessary to make reasonable restrictions according to whether it involves other interests and public welfare,and set specific rules to determine whether the information subject has the right to be forgotten.In the process of the localization of the right to be forgotten,firstly,the subject of the right to be forgotten is further defined according to the relevance,identifiability and the influence degree of the information subject.Then,the right types of the right to be forgotten are divided into three categories:the right to delete information,the right to restrict information,the right to correct information.And finally,make clear the right relief measures that can be taken when the right to be forgotten is damaged.

关 键 词：数据 被遗忘权 信息删除权 权利界限 本土化 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]