吉林芦花鸡、吉林矮脚芦花鸡与吉林黑鸡杂交F1代表型与生长性状比较分析  

Comparative analysis of phenotype and growth traits of hybrid F1 generation of Jilin luhua chicken,Jilin dwarf luhua chicken and Jilin black chicken

作　　者：丛含羽 张立春[2] 张俪萍 张芳毓[2] 武斌[2] 郭洋 刘洪亮 刘臣 CONG Hanyu;ZHANG Lichun;ZHANG Liping;ZHANG Fangyu;WU Bin;GUO Yang;LIU Hongliang;LIU Chen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130000,China;Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science,Gongzhuling 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科技学院,长春130000 [2]吉林省农业科学院,吉林公主岭136100

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第18期47-52,57,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：吉林省畜禽品种培育项目。

摘　　要：为了研究芦花鸡与吉林黑鸡的杂种优势及羽色和矮小性状遗传规律,试验选择吉林芦花鸡、吉林矮脚芦花鸡和吉林黑鸡为材料,采用完全双列杂交设计,设置3个纯系对照组[吉林芦花鸡♂×吉林芦花鸡♀(LL)、吉林矮脚芦花鸡♂×吉林矮脚芦花鸡♀(AA)、吉林黑鸡♂×吉林黑鸡♀(HH)]和6个杂交试验组[吉林芦花鸡♂×吉林矮脚芦花鸡♀(LA)、吉林矮脚芦花鸡♂×吉林芦花鸡♀(AL)、吉林黑鸡♂×吉林芦花鸡♀(HL)、吉林芦花鸡♂×吉林黑鸡♀(LH)、吉林黑鸡♂×吉林矮脚芦花鸡♀(HA)、吉林矮脚芦花鸡♂×吉林黑鸡♀(AH)]。各组F1代出雏后鉴别公母、称重,选择体重正负标准差在10%以内的鸡只为试验样本,每组公母鸡只各设置4个重复,每个重复25只鸡,观测各杂交试验组的羽色外貌特征,测定各组F1代90,120,150日龄时的体重和体尺指标(体斜长、龙骨长、胸深、胸宽、骨盆宽、胫长、胫围),计算超标优势,比较各杂交试验组F1代各指标的杂种优势。结果表明:当吉林黑鸡为父本、吉林芦花鸡为母本时,其F1代公鸡皆为芦花羽色,母鸡皆为非芦花羽色(黑鸡羽色);当吉林芦花鸡为父本时,其F1代无论公母皆为芦花羽色。当吉林矮脚芦花鸡为父本时,其F1代母鸡皆表现矮小性状,公鸡皆无矮小性状;当吉林矮脚芦花鸡为母本时,其F1代无论公母皆不表现矮小性状。LL、LA、AL、HL 90日龄公鸡体重、体斜长、龙骨长以及胫长均极显著大于AA(P<0.01),90日龄母鸡体重差异较公鸡更明显,120,150日龄时,AA群体公鸡的所有测定指标均明显著低于其他组合。90,120日龄时,LA组合体重和体尺指标均为正向的杂交优势,体重超标优势最高,为17.5809%;150日龄时,HA组合体重和体尺指标均为正向的杂交优势,体重超标优势最高,为20.792%。说明LA与HA组合生长性能较为优异,杂交使矮脚芦花鸡的生长性能得到了提升。In order to study the heterosis and the genetic rules of feather color and short stature traits of Luhua chicken and Jilin black chicken,Jilin luhua chicken,Jilin dwarf luhua chicken and Jilin black chicken were selected as materials,and a complete diallel cross method was adopted.Three pure line control groups(Jilin luhua chicken♂×Jilin luhua chicken♀[LL],Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♂×Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♀[AA],Jilin black chicken♂×Jilin black chicken♀[HH])and six hybrid experimental groups(Jilin luhua chicken♂×Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♀[LA],Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♂×Jilin luhua chicken♀[AL],Jilin black chicken♂×Jilin luhua chicken[HL],Jilin luhua chicken♂×Jilin black chicken♀[LH],Jilin black chicken♂×Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♀[HA],Jilin dwarf luhua chicken♂×Jilin black chicken♀[AH])were set up.After hatching of each combination crosses F1 generation,the male and female are identified and weighed.Chicken body weight with a positive or negative standard deviation of less than 10%of were selected for the test samples.Four replicates were set in each combination with 25 chickens in each replicate.The feather color appearance characteristics of each hybrid group were observed.Body weight and body size(body oblique length,keel length,chest depth,chest width,pelvic width,shin length,shin circumference)of each combination were measured at 90,120,150 days of age to calculate the over-standard heterosis and compare the heterosis of each index.The results showed that when Jilin black chicken was the male parent and Jilin luhua chicken was the female parent,the F1 generation cocks were all of luhua feather color,and the hens were non luhua feather color(black chicken feather color).When Jilin luhua chicken was the male parent,both male and female of F1 generation were of luhua feather color.When Jilin dwarf luhua chicken was male parents,all the F1 hens showed short stature,while none of the cocks showed short stature.When Jilin dwarf luhua chicken was the female parent,neither

关 键 词：芦花鸡 矮脚芦花鸡 吉林黑鸡 表型性状 生长性状 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S831.[农业科学—畜牧学]