浅褐壳蛋鸡不同配套组合生产性能研究  

Study on performance of different combinations of laying hens with light brown eggshell

作　　者：赵丽红[1] 李光奇[1] 周海英 杨洪敏[1] 吴桂琴[1] ZHAO Lihong;LI Guangqi;ZHOU Haiying;YANG Hongmin;WU Guiqin(Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司,北京101206

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第18期53-57,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(D171100007817001)。

摘　　要：为筛选满足市场需求的浅褐壳高产蛋鸡新配套系,试验选用北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司培育的A、B、C、D 4个蛋用型纯系,设计4个配套杂交组合,即组合1为A♂×(C×D)♀、组合2为A♂×D♀、组合3为A♂×(D×C)♀、组合4为(A×B)♂×(C×D)♀,每个杂交组合收集5500枚种蛋入孵,出雏后每个组合随机选取2200只母雏,统计其体重(1,18,36,56,72,80周龄)、1~80周龄死淘率、19~80周龄产蛋期平均日耗料、蛋重(19,36,56,72,80周龄)、开产日龄、高峰产蛋率、90%以上产蛋率维持天数、80周龄饲养日产蛋总数和总量、80周龄入舍鸡产蛋总数和总重以及44周龄末的蛋品质(蛋壳颜色、蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度和哈氏单位)。结果表明:在组合1和组合3两个三系配套组合对比中,组合3的80周龄淘汰体重为2024 g,大于组合1,淘汰体重更具优势;组合3前期蛋重增幅快、中后期蛋重增幅慢、后期蛋重稳定,更符合市场需求;组合3的80周龄饲养日产蛋总数和总重与80周龄入舍鸡产蛋总数和总重均高于组合1。在组合1(三系)和组合4(四系)的不同配套组合对比中,组合4的80周龄饲养日产蛋总数、80周龄入舍鸡产蛋总数和总重均低于组合1;组合4的1~80周龄死淘率高于组合1;组合4的蛋白高度、哈氏单位低于组合1。在组合2(二系)、组合3(三系)的不同配套组合对比中,组合3较组合2体重大,组合3的90%以上产蛋率维持天数、80周龄饲养日产蛋总数和总重与80周龄入舍鸡产蛋总数和总重均优于组合2,同时组合2配套组合具有父母代不能利用杂种优势的缺点。说明组合3配套组合产蛋量高、体重大、蛋重适中,是适合市场推广的浅褐壳高产蛋鸡最佳配套组合。In order to screen new mating lines of high yield laying hens with light brown eggshell to meet the market demand,four egg type pure lines(A,B,C,D)by Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Co.,Ltd.were selected and designed as four mating crosses,that is,combination 1 was A♂×(C×D)♀,combination 2 was A♂×D♀,combination 3 was A♂×(D×C)♀,and combination 4 was(A×B)♂×(C×D)♀.A total of 5500 eggs were collected from each hybrid combination for hatching,and 2200 female chicks were randomly selected from each combination after hatching.The body weight at 1,18,36,56,72,and 80 weeks of age,the mortality rate at 1-80 weeks of age,the average daily feed consumption at 19-80 weeks of age,the egg weight at 19,36,56,72 and 80 weeks of age,age at first egg,peak laying rate,maintenance days of over 90%laying rate,total number and weight of eggs at 80 weeks of age raising,total number and weight of eggs at 80 weeks of age housed chickens,and egg quality at the end of 44 weeks of age(shell color,egg-shape index,shell thickness,shell strength,yolk color,protein height and haugh unit)were analyzed.The results showed that:through comparison of two three series combination of combination 1 and combination 3,the elimination weight at 80 weeks age of combination 3 was 2024 g,which was greater than that of combination 1,and the elimination weight was more advantageous;the egg weight of combination 3 increased rapidly in the early stage,slowly in the middle and late stage,and was stable in the late stage,which was more in line with the market demand;total number and weight of eggs at 80 weeks of age raising and 80 weeks of age housed chickens in combination 3 were higher than those in combination 1.Through the comparison of combination 1(three series combinations)and combination 4(four series combinations),the total number of eggs at 80 weeks of age raising,the total number and weight eggs at 80 weeks of age housed chickens in combination 4 were lower than those in combination 1;mortality of 1-80 weeks of age in combination 4 was

关 键 词：浅褐壳蛋鸡 体重 死淘率 日耗料 蛋重 产蛋性能 蛋品质 

分 类 号：S831.[农业科学—畜牧学]