三种盐胁迫对稗草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of three kinds of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli

作　　者：邸桂俐[1] 高超[1] 韩微波[1] 田春霞[1] 申忠宝[1] 王建丽[1] 潘多锋[1] 邢星[1] 张瑞博[1] DI Guili;GAO Chao;HAN Weibo;TIAN Chunxia;SHEN Zhongbao;WANG Jianli;PAN Duofeng;XING Xing;ZHANG Ruibo(Institute of Forage and Grassland Science,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第18期103-108,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院基金项目(2019CGJL006,2020FJZX038,2020FJZX048);黑龙江省博士后基金面上资助项目(261656)。

摘　　要：为了研究盐胁迫对稗草种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,试验以米稗、鹅头稗和锁链稗为研究对象,选择NaCl、NaHCO_(3)和Na_(2)CO_(3)3种盐对3种稗草种子作胁迫处理,NaCl和NaHCO_(3)的浓度分别设为50,100,200,300 mmol/L,Na_(2)CO_(3)的浓度分别设为25,50,100,150 mmol/L,以纯化水处理作为对照(CK),采用培养皿发芽方法,测定不同处理下3种稗草的发芽率、发芽指数、苗长、根长和根冠比,建立3种稗草的发芽率与盐胁迫浓度的回归方程,计算不同稗草种子受不同盐胁迫浓度的适宜浓度值、临界浓度值和极限浓度值。结果表明:低浓度NaCl(50 mmol/L)胁迫提高了3种稗草的发芽率和苗长,而高浓度(200,300 mmol/L)则降低了发芽率、发芽指数和苗长。NaCl胁迫后3种稗草的根长均降低。NaHCO_(3)和Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫降低了鹅头稗和锁链稗的发芽率、发芽指数、苗长和根长,当浓度达到试验设置的最大浓度时,米稗和鹅头稗的种子均未发芽。NaCl、NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫时,3种稗草中米稗种子萌发的适宜浓度值、临界浓度值和极限浓度值最大。说明3种稗草中米稗的耐盐能力最强。In order to study the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli,the seed of three Echinochloa crusgalli varities-Mi bai,E toubai and Suo lianbai were taken as the research objects.Three salts,NaCl,NaHCO_(3)and Na_(2)CO_(3),were selected as stress treatments for three species of Echinochloa crusgalli seeds,and the concentrations of NaCl and NaHCO_(3)were set to 50,100,200 and 300 mmol/L,respectively,and the concentrations of Na_(2)CO_(3)were set to 25,50,100 and 150 mmol/L,with purified water treatment as the control(CK).The germination percentage,germination index,seedling length,root length and root-to-crown ratio of three species of Echinochloa crusgalli seeds were determined by using petri dish germination method.The regression equations of germination rate and salt stress concentration of the three species Echinochloa crusgalli were established,and the appropriate concentration value,critical concentration value and ultimate concentration value of the three species Echinochloa crusgalli seeds subjected to different salt stress concentrations were calculated.The results showed that low NaCl concentration(50 mmol/L)could increase the three Echinochloa crusgalli seeds germination rate,seedling length,while high NaCl concentration(200,300 mmol/L)decreased the seed germination rate,germination index and seedling length.NaCl stress decreased the root length of the three Echinochloa crusgalli.NaHCO_(3)and Na_(2)CO_(3)stress decreased the germination rate,germination index,seedling length and root length of E toubai and Suo lianbai.Neither Mi bai seed nor E toubai seed germinated when stressed by the max concentration of NaHCO_(3)and Na_(2)CO_(3).Under NaCl,NaHCO_(3),Na_(2)CO_(3)stress,the appropriate concentration value,critical concentration value and ultimate concentration value of Mi bai were the highest among the three species.It indicated that Mi bai had the strongest salt tolerance among the three Echinochloa crusgalli varities.

关 键 词：稗草 盐协迫 种子萌发 发芽率 发芽指数 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S544[农业科学—作物学]