独角兽企业成长规律及培育路径研究  

Research on the Growth Law and Cultivation Path of Unicorn Enterprises

作　　者：张岭 张田莉 梁杰 ZHANG Ling;ZHANG Tian-li;LIANG Jie(School of Management,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学管理学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《经济体制改革》2021年第5期173-179,共7页Reform of Economic System

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“外源融资风险容忍度对区域创新绩效的影响机理及提升策略研究”(71904152);陕西省软科学研究计划一般项目:“创新驱动了什么?陕西科技创新对经济发展的影响及建议研究”(2020KRM167)。

摘　　要：独角兽企业是推动传统产业转型升级、引领新经济增长的重要引擎。结合独角兽企业的发展现状,分析其技术颠覆性、市场领先性、用户领先性等特征,发现其"高速技术迭代-商业模式探索-培育领先用户-技术和市场领先"的成长规律,且独角兽企业在孵化和加速成长阶段亟需更包容技术试错和商业探索风险的金融体系和创新生态系统。鉴于此,应从构建独角兽企业"孵化器-加速器-孵化平台-创新生态"的分层孵化链条,提升多层次金融体系对各阶段独角兽企业的风险容忍,在独角兽企业认定、评审、奖励和精准服务等方面完善政策措施,降低独角兽企业成长过程中的技术距离、市场距离、孵化距离、融资距离和政策距离,加速独角兽企业成长壮大。Unicorn enterprises are an important engine to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and lead the growth of the new economy.Combined with the present situation of the development of unicorn enterprises,this paper analyzes its characteristics of technological subversion,market leadership and user leadership,and summarizes its growth law of"high-speed technology iteration;business model exploration;cultivating leading users;technology and market leadership".It is pointed out that unicorns need a financial system and innovation ecosystem that more tolerates the risks of technological trial and error and business exploration in the incubation and accelerated growth stage.Therefore,we should build a hierarchical incubation chain of"incubator-accelerator-incubation platform-innovation ecology"for unicorn enterprises,improve the risk tolerance of multi-level financial system for unicorn enterprises at all stages,optimize the identification,evaluation,reward and accurate service for Unicorn enterprises,and improve policies and measures,reduce the technological distance,market distance,incubation distance,financing distance and policy distance in the growth process of unicorn enterprises,and accelerate the growth of unicorns and enhance their basic technology accumulation and innovation capabilities.

关 键 词：独角兽企业 成长规律 培育路径 技术创新 

分 类 号：F114[经济管理—国际贸易]